ObjectivesThis study aimed to systematically review extant data on the prevalence of burnout
amongst psychiatry residents, examine the contributory factors, and consider
potential ways to manage burnout.
MethodsA systematic literature review was conducted on all relevant articles within
Pubmed/OVID Medline and ScienceDirect digital databases from January 2000 till
March 2019 that investigated burnout in psychiatry residents. Variables of
interest included questionnaires used to assess burnout, the prevalence of
burnout, and its clinical correlates. Articles were included if they were
observational or experimental studies and involved a sample consisting solely
of or a subsample of psychiatry residents. The data are summarised and
presented as a narrative synthesis.
ResultsTwenty-two
studies were included. The overall prevalence of burnout among psychiatry
residents was 33.7%, which was associated with certain demographic (non-parental
status), training (juniors years of training, lower priority of psychiatry as
career choice, lack of clinical supervision, discontinuation from training),
work (high workload, long hours, insufficient rest), and learner factors (more
stressors, greater anxiety, and depressive symptoms, low self-efficacy,
decreased empathic capacity, poor coping, self- medication, and use of mental
health services).
ConclusionsThese findings suggest that interventions such as refining candidate selection,
enforcement of work hour limits, enhancement of support and supervision, and
equipping of stress coping skills may ameliorate burnout related to training,
work, and learner factors respectively. These findings and suggestions may
apply to other residency programs. However, future studies should examine
burnout longitudinally and evaluate the effectiveness of different
interventions in reducing burnout within psychiatry residents.