Carbonato bridges from atmospheric carbon dioxide: The copper(II) and zinc(II) complexes of the novel imidazole‐containing polyamine ligand N1‐(2‐aminoethyl)‐N1‐(2‐imidazolethyl)ethane‐1,2‐diamine are found to fix carbon dioxide by hydration to μ3‐carbonate ligands. This is revealed by IR and solid‐state 13C NMR spectroscopic and X‐ray crystallographic studies of the two‐dimensional complexes (see picture).
This work presents a systematic investigation on reactions of a flexible tricarboxylic acid with Zn(II), Cd(II) in the presence of varied N-donor ancillary ligands. Seven new metal−organic frameworks [Zn3(bta)2(bpy)2] (1), [Zn3(bta)2(dpe)2]·2H2O (2), [Zn2(OH)(bta)(bpe)]·2H2O (3), [Zn2(OH)(bta)(bpp)] (4), [Cd2(bta)(bpy)2(H2O)]ClO4·H2O (5), [Cd3(bta)2(bpy)2]·2H2O (6), and [Cd3(bta)2(H2O)2] (7) [bta3− = benzene-1,3,5-triacetate, bpy = 4,4′-bipyridine, dpe = 1,2-di(4-pyridyl)ethylene, bpe = 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane, and bpp = 1,3-bis(4-pyridyl)propane] have been obtained and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, IR, thermogravimetric and elemental analyses. Complexes 1−3, 5, and 6 are three-dimensional (3D) architectures containing infinite two-dimensional (2D) networks pillared by N-donor ligands, whereas 4shows 2D network structure. Complex 3 has 2-fold interpenetration of 3D frameworks with 4.82 networks linked by bpe ligands, and 5 features an unusual 3D cationic supramolecular architecture. Complex 7 contains the Kagomé lattice inorganic layers, which are further linked by bta3− ligands to form a 3D supramolecular architecture. The results showed that the structure and flexibility of the N-donor ancillary ligands have great influence on the structure of the complexes. The photoluminescence properties of 1−7 in the solid-state at room temperature have been studied.
In almost any branch of chemistry or life sciences, it is often necessary to study the interaction between different components in a system by varying their respective concentrations in a systematic manner. Currently, many procedures for generating a series of samples of different solute concentration levels are still done manually by dilution. To address this issue, we present herein a highly automated linear concentration gradient generator based on centrifugal microfluidics. The operation of this device is based on the use of multi-layered microfluidics in which individual fluidic samples to be mixed together are stored and metered in their respective layers before finally being transferred to a mixing chamber. To demonstrate the operation of this scheme, we have used the device to conduct antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST). Firstly, DI water, ampicillin solution and E. coli suspension were loaded into the chambers in different layers. As the device went through several rounds of spinning at different speeds, a series of metered dosages of ampicillin along a linear concentration gradient were introduced to the mixing chamber and mixed with E. coli automatically. By monitoring the spectral absorbance of the suspensions, we were able to establish the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of ampicillin against E. coli. The process took about 3 hours to complete, and the experimental results showed a strong correlation with those obtained with the standard CLSI broth dilution method. Clearly, the platform is useful for a wide range of applications such as drug discovery and personalised medicine, where concentration gradients are of concern.
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