Two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors have become promising candidates for nanoelectronics applications due to their unique layered structure and rich physical properties. However, the significant lack of reproducible p-type doping methods that can avoid the instability induced by the widely used charge transfer doping method greatly limits the applications of these semiconductors in complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) integrated digital circuits. This work presents a new scheme to realize stable p-type doping for WS with excellent layer controllability, wafer-level uniformity, and high reproducibility at the same time. The p-type WS was produced by introducing substitutional doping of sulfur with nitrogen atoms during the sulfurization of WON film. Nitrogen atoms acted as acceptors moving the Fermi level of WS toward the valance band. Both experimental and theoretical investigations were designed to study the physical properties of the films fabricated. The WS based field-effect transistors exhibited a well-defined p-type behavior with a large on/off current ratio of ∼10 and a high hole mobility of ∼18.8 cm V s. This opens up a promising method to realize stable p-type doping of 2D materials, which is very attractive for future large-scale 2D CMOS device applications.

He completed his bachelor of science in agriculture and the master in agricultural extension education from Bangladesh Agricultural University. He also completed MBA from commonwealth of learning. He also completed two diplomas in banking and Islamic banking. His research interest includes resilience, disaster management, livelihood and climate changes and education economy. He has published couple of scientific articles and one book on Poverty of Island Char Dwellers in Bangladesh. He is a member of several professional bodies. Mr. Sarker is now working as an editorial board member of several social sciences and public administration journals.

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We achieved record high photoresponsivity in both MoS2 and ReS2 on the structure of an Al2O3/ITO/SiO2/Si “stack.”

This paper proposes a distributed algorithm for coordination of flywheel energy storage matrix system (FESMS) cooperated with wind farm. A simple and distributed ratio consensus algorithm is proposed to solve FESMS dispatch problem. The algorithm is based on average consensus for both undirected and unbalanced directed graphs. Average consensus is guaranteed in unbalanced digraphs by updating the weight matrix with both its row sums and column sums being 1. Simulation examples illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control method. Index Terms-distributed coordinated control, average consensus, ratio consensus, dispatch problem, FESMS.