KSUZ 0802 (Reg. No. CV-282, PI 678793) is a ine-textured, coldtolerant zoysiagrass (Zoysia spp.) hybrid co-developed and jointly released by Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Dallas, TX, and the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Manhattan, KS. KSUZ 0802 is an F 1 interspeciic hybrid developed in 2001 from a cross between Zoysia matrella (L). Merr. 'Cavalier' and an ecotype of Z. japonica Steud. named Anderson 1, a derivative of 'Chinese Common'. After years of testing (2004 -2008) for turf quality and winter survival at Manhattan, KS, KSUZ 0802 was advanced to a nine location test (2009 -2012) in the transition zone (Wichita and Manhattan, KS, Columbia, MO, Fletcher and Jackson Springs, NC, Stillwater, OK, Knoxville, TN, Virginia Beach and Blacksburg, VA, and Dallas, TX. The freezing tolerance, spring green-up, and fall color retention of KSUZ 0802 is equivalent to 'Meyer', but KSUZ 0802 has a iner leaf texture. KSUZ 0802 is also superior to Meyer for turf quality and resistance to bluegrass billbug damage. KSUZ 0802 is well suited for use on golf course fairways and tees, home lawns, and other recreational areas in the transition zone.
Since the dawn of wheat cytogenetics, chromosome 3B has been known to harbor a gene(s) that, when removed, causes chromosome desynapsis and gametic sterility. The lack of natural genetic diversity for this gene(s) has prevented any attempt to fine map and further characterize it. Here, gamma radiation treatment was used to create artificial diversity for this locus. A total of 696 radiation hybrid lines were genotyped with a custom mini array of 140 DArT markers, selected to evenly span the whole 3B chromosome. The resulting map spanned 2,852 centi Ray with a calculated resolution of 0.384 Mb. Phenotyping for the occurrence of meiotic desynapsis was conducted by measuring the level of gametic sterility as seeds produced per spikelet and pollen viability at booting. Composite interval mapping revealed a single QTL with LOD of 16.2 and r (2) of 25.6 % between markers wmc326 and wPt-8983 on the long arm of chromosome 3B. By independent analysis, the location of the QTL was confirmed to be within the deletion bin 3BL7-0.63-1.00 and to correspond to a single gene located ~1.4 Mb away from wPt-8983. The meiotic behavior of lines lacking this gene was characterized cytogenetically to reveal striking similarities with mutants for the dy locus, located on the syntenic chromosome 3 of maize. This represents the first example to date of employing radiation hybrids for QTL analysis. The success achieved by this approach provides an ideal starting point for the final cloning of this interesting gene involved in meiosis of cereals.
Chisholm' (Reg. No. CV-273, PI 666039) is a zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica Steud.) approved for release by Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Dallas, TX, and the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Manhattan, KS. Chisholm is a clonal selection made in 1997 from a germplasm nursery established in 1983 in Dallas. It was originally evaluated under the designation TAES 4436 and included in the 2002 National Turfgrass Evaluation Program Zoysiagrass Variety Test under the designation DALZ 0102. Chisholm has a texture coarser than 'Meyer' and intermediate to 'JaMur' and 'Palisades'. Freezing tolerance of Chisholm is equivalent to, or slightly poorer than, Meyer, but it is superior to Meyer for establishment rate from vegetative plugs; turfgrass quality; growth under shade; fall color; resistance to bluegrass billbug (Sphenophorus parvulus Gyllenhal), zoysiagrass mite (Eriophyes zoysiae Baker, Kono, and O'Neill), and take all patch [caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. graminis (Sacc.) Arx & D.L. Olivier]; recovery from divots; and seed head production (fewer produced). Improvement over Meyer in these traits will potentially increase the utility of zoysiagrass in the transition zone. Chisholm is well suited for use on lawns and golf courses in the transition zone, particularly those areas in zones 6b or higher on the USDA Plant Hardiness Zone map.
The bacterium Xanthomonas translucens pv. undulosa (Xtu) causes bacterial leaf streak (BLS) on wheat and other small grains. Several triticale accessions were reported to possess high levels of resistance to wheat Xtu strains. In this study, a worldwide collection of triticale accessions as well as the major North Dakota hard red spring and durum wheat cultivars were evaluated for reaction to two local Xtu strains. All wheat cultivars showed a susceptible reaction but a wide range of reactions was observed among triticale accessions. Out of the 502 accessions tested, 45 and 10 accessions were resistant to the two virulent strains BLS-LB10 and BLS-P3, respectively, with five accessions, PI 428736, PI 428854, PI 428913, PI 542545 and PI 587229, being highly resistant to both strains. Statistical analysis showed significant difference among the accessions, strains, and the accession by strain interaction (P < 0.001). Bacterial population growth in resistant triticale was significantly slower than that in susceptible triticale. Molecular cytogenetic characterization in four representative triticale accessions confirmed the hexaploid level of the species and the presence of 12 or 14 rye chromosomes. The triticale accessions identified are valuable materials for developing wheat germplasm with high levels of BLS resistance.
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