The present study is related to develop novel colon specific drug delivery systems using chitosan and pectin as a microbially degradable polymeric carrier. Alkyl-pectin with various degrees of substitution were prepared by heterogeneous alkylation of pectin with alkyl bromide. The results showed that the alkyl-pectin with insolubility can be obtained based on the optimal reaction condition. The ratio of pectin to 1-bromoctane mole number was 1:9, reaction time is 8 h with temperature of 80 ºC and the weight ratio of tetrabutyl ammonium bromide to pectin is 0.5 %. The alkyl-pectin structure were characterized by FT-IR Elemental analyses, differential scanning calorimetry analysis and 1 H NMR analysis. The findings of the present study conclusively state that alkyl-pectin are promising for colon targeting of drugs.
Chitosan is the deacetylated derivative of chitin 1-5 , the most abundant natural polymer on earth after cellulose 6-8 , obtained from crustaceans 9-12 , such as shrimps, squids and crabs. Chitosan is the only basic polysaccharide in nature. It is greatly dominant to be used as a drug carrier due to the non-toxicity 13. Chitosan with good biocompatibility and biodegradation has widely application in many fields, such as wastewater treatment 14-16 , medicine, food, drug, environmental protection, light industry and agriculture 16-22. Sodium alginate widely exists in all kinds of natural polymer in the brown seaweed, can form simple gel with multivalent cations under mild conditions and the gel is non-toxic and suitable for embedding materials as a drug. This research selects chitosan and sodium alginate as the research object and the effect of crosslinking agent, pH value on swelling rate are studied and the effects of the performance of drug release are also investigated. EXPERIMENTAL Chitosan and sodium alginate (Deacelation degree 80 %) were purchased from Fuda Chemical Co. in China. Glutaraldehyde (GA, 50 wt % in water) and glacial acetic acid were purchased from Across, Morris Plane, NJ; Bovine serum albumin; buffer solution (pH=1.70, 4, 7.4, 9.18). All commercially solvents and reagents were used without further purification. All other chemicals were of analytical grade.
Chitosan nanoparticles with magnetic properties can be potentially used as separation materials in adsorption of oil for enhanced oil recovery. Different from the traditional surfactants, the novel magnetic Ni0.5Mn0.5Fe2O4-chitosan nanoparticles has the advantage of excellent biodegradation and a high level of controllability. The Ni0.5Mn0.5Fe2O4-chitosan nanoparticles with core-shell structure was prepared successfully. The image of transmission electron microscope and the scanning electron microscopy showed that the cubic-shape magnetic Ni0.5Mn0.5Fe2O4 particles were encapsulated by the spherical chitosan nanoparticles. The size of the Ni0.5Mn0.5Fe2O4-chitosan nanoparticles were all below 100 nm. The saturated magnetization of the Ni0.5Mn0.5Fe2O4-chitosan nanoparticles could reach 80 emu/g and showed the characteristics of superparamagnetism at the same time. The evaluation on the interfacial properties of the product showed that the interfacial tension between crude oil and water could be reduce to ultra-low values as low as 10-3 mN/m when the magnetic Ni0.5Mn0.5Fe2O4chitosan nanoparticle was used in several blocks in Shengli Oilfield without other additives. Meanwhile, the magnetic Ni0.5Mn0.5Fe2O4chitosan nanoparticles possessed good salt-resisting capacity.
With the rapid development of nanotechnology, magnetic nanoparticles are currently widely studied 1. Superpara-magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles have attracted researchers in various fields such as physics 2 , medicine 3 , biology 4 and materials science 5 due to their multifunctional properties such as small size, superparamagnetism and low toxicity 6. However, the nanoparticles tend to aggregate due to strong magnetic dipoledipole attractions between particles 7. At the same time, the capacity for anti-acid 8 , anti-alkali 9 and anti-salt 10 of magnetic nanoparticles is in the low level. Recently, the combination of organic and inorganic components at nano-sized level has attracted considerable attention because of the potential applications in many field 11. Surface-active agents or surfactants are an important class of chemical compounds used in different sectors of modern industry, such as food 12 , pharmaceutical 13 , cosmetics 14 and petroleum industries 15. These compounds are able to reduce surface and interfacial tensions, as well as to form and stabilize oil in water (o/w) or water in oil (w/o) emulsions especially in adsorption of oil for enhanced oil recovery 16-18. Currently, the alkyl benzene sulfonate is widely used in enhanced oil recovery which has serious pollution, difficult to recycling and nondirectional movement ability 19,20. Due to environmental issues and artificial surfactant, the demand for biodegradable
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