Background: Tuberculosis (TB) mono-infection has radiological features and typical clinical manifestation that are easily recognized by clinicians. These radiological features and clinical manifestation are often found to show atypical features in subjects coinfected with Tuberculosis-Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), making TB diagnosis and early management challenging to establish. Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between clinical and radiological presentation of pulmonary TB patients with HIV coinfection at the Central General Hospital Sanglah, Bali. Methods: This research was an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional method. A total of 54 TB-HIV coinfected patients were analyzed to their sociodemographic characteristics, clinical manifestations and chest radiographic features. Results: The majority of subjects were of productive age (26-61 years), male (64.8%) and belonged to the heterosexual group (90.7%). Weight loss (75.9%), cough (64.8%) and oral candidiasis (53.7%) are the most common clinical manifestations found in subjects, especially in subjects with CD4+ >200 cells/mm3 . Atypical radiological features such as infiltration/consolidation (59.3%), fibrosis (16.7%) and hillar lymphadenopathy (14.8%) are the most commonly obtained radiological features of the subjects. From the results of the bivariate analysis, it was found that radiological in the form of infiltration/consolidation were more commonly found in subjects with CD4+ <200 cells/mm3 (OR=1.254; 95% CI 1.059-1.568). Conclusion: Based on the research that has been done, it can be concluded that there are no typical radiological features and clinical manifestation in patients with TB-HIV infection.
Background: Hypertension is known as independent factor in correlation with coronary artery disease (CAD) and play important part in atherosclerotic process. In an animal model with hypertension which endothelin-1 play as a vasoconstrictor, there was overexpression of endothelin-1 in the vessel walls. This overexpression suggests a role of endothelin-1 in hypertension patient, especially among CAD.Material and methods: This was a cross-sectional study. A total 226 subjects were analysed, consisted of 127 subjects with CAD and 99 healthy population. The CAD subjects were patients underwent elective coronary angiography with signifi cant CAD lesion. The healthy population were respondents of Sleman-HDSS survey (year 2019). Hypertensive subjects were defi ned those with history of hypertension from anamnesis. Diabetic subjects were excluded. The endothelin-1 was measured from peripheral serum samples by ELISA method. The comparative analysis was performed with Mann-Whitney test and the correlation was performed with Spearman correlation test.Results: Mean serum endothelin-1 level was 2.1±1.2 pg/mL in hipertensive and 2.6±1.6 pg/mL in normotensive (p=0.063) among CAD subjects. Among healthy population, mean serum endothelin-1 level was 1.7±0.7 pg/mL in hypertensive and 1.8±0.8 pg/mL) in normotensive, (p=0.675). In addition, Spearman correlation between serum endothelin-1 and systolic blood pressure showed correlation coeffi cient -0.045 (p = 0.543) in CAD subjects and -0.165 (p=0.069) in healthy population which indicated inverse correlation between those parameters in both populations. Conclusion:Serum endothelin-1 level did not differ signifi cantly based on hypertensive status both in CAD and healthy population. There was a tendency toward decreased serum endothelin-1 level in hypertensive subjects.
Background and Aims This study aims to determine the risk factors of diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in a patient with all types of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods and Results This study was carried out using the analytical observational and cross-sectional design methods. Data were collected from 219 patients diagnosed with all types of CVD at Sanglah Hospital from January 2021 – April 2021. The result showed that the majority of the patients were male (n = 116, 53%), with a median of age 53 (14-80). Coronary artery disease (CAD) was the most common CVD found in patients (n = 111, 50.7%), while the most common comorbidity in patients were CKD (n = 162, 74%). Obesity (p = 0.030; PR: 1.879; 95%CI: 1.097-3.219) and CAD (p = 0.029; PR: 1.774; 95%CI: 1.046-3.011) were significantly associated with DMT2, while age (p = 0.000; PR: 1.435; 95%CI: 1.180-1.745), and hypertension heart disease (HHD) (p = 0.008; PR: 1.243; 95%CI: 1.072-1.440) were significantly associated with CKD. Meanwhile, age > 50 years old (p = 0.004; PR: 5.740; 95%CI: 1.384-23.803), HHD (p = 0.035; PR: 2.385; 95%CI: 1.050-5.419), and CAD (p = 0.009, PR: 4.091; 95 %CI: 1.253-13.354) were significantly associated with DMT2 comorbid with CKD. In logistic regression analysis, age (p = 0.015; PR: 2.909; 95%CI: 1.235-6.852), and obesity (p = 0.023, PR: 2.765; 95%CI: 1.149-6.307) were significantly associated with DMT2. Conclusion Clinical characteristics and medical history of the patient are significantly associated with DMT2 and CKD. Early intervention against these factors tends to improve the outcome of the patient.
Background and Aims Cardiovascular disease accompanied by underlying comorbidities increases morbidity, worsens the outcome of therapy and decreases a patient's quality of life. Therefore, this study aims to determine the distribution and association between various comorbidities and cardiovascular diseases. Methods and Results This study was carried out using the analytical observational and cross-sectional design methods. Data were collected from 219 patients diagnosed with all types of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) at Sanglah General Hospital from January 2021 to April 2021. The result showed that the majority of the patients were male (n = 116; 53%) with a median age of 53 (14-80) years. Furthermore, approximately 140 patients (63.9%) had more than one CVD, and comorbid (n = 123, 56.2%). The most common CVD and comorbid found in patients were coronary artery (n = 111; 50.7%) and chronic kidney (n = 162; 74%) diseases, respectively. The strongest associations within CVDs were between valvular and rheumatic heart diseases (PR: 12,121; 95%CI: 3,813-38,535). Meanwhile, diabetes mellitus (PR: 1.38; 95%CI: 1.061-1.797), chronic kidney disease (PR: 1.818; 95%CI: 1.213-2.724), dyslipidemia (PR: 1.715; 95%CI: 1.319-2.230), and obesity (PR: 1.473; 95% CI: 1.123–1.932) were strongly associated with the incidence of coronary artery disease. Patients with diabetes mellitus had a higher risk of having more than one cardiovascular disease (PR: 1.463; 95%CI: 1.016-2.107). Conclusion Cardiovascular disease accompanied by underlying comorbidity has a significant effect on the course of the disease. Early identification and intervention against these comorbidities and CVDs prevents morbidity and improves the patient’s outcome.
Pendahuluan. Selain berdampak pada sistem pernapasan, COVID-19 juga berdampak pada organ lain yaitu ginjal. Respons inflamasi sistemik memiliki peranan dalam perburukan klinis pada pasien COVID-19 dengan penyakit ginjal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak penyakit ginjal terhadap pasien COVID-19. Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder dari rekam medis pasien terkonfirmasi COVID-19 yang dirawat di RSUP Sanglah mulai tanggal 1 Mei 2021 sampai dengan 31 Agustus 2021 dengan menggunakan teknik total sampling.Hasil. Terdapat 248 pasien yang dilibatkan dalam penelitian ini. Mayoritas pasien adalah laki-laki (52,4%) dengan rerata usia keseluruhan pasien adalah 59 (rentang 20-92) tahun. Sebagian besar pasien adalah COVID-19 dengan derajat berat (65,3%). Sebanyak 77 pasien menderita penyakit ginjal (31,0%) dan penyakit ginjal yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah acute on chronic kidney disease (n=33; 42,8%). Terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada kadar hemoglobin (p<0,001), nitrogen urea darah (BUN) (p<0,001), kreatinin serum (p<0,001), dan prokalsitonin (p<0,001) pada pasien yang diklasifikasikan berdasarkan penyakit ginjal. Analisis chi-square menunjukkan bahwa pasien COVID-19 dengan penyakit ginjal berhubungan terhadap sepsis [PR=2,587 (IK 95% 1,750-3,824); p<0,001)], mortalitas [PR=1,696 (IK 95% 1,114-2,583); p=0,018)], dan COVID-19 derajat berat [PR=1,513 (IK 95% 1,077-2,342); p=0,040)]. Analisis regresi logistik menunjukkan pasien COVID-19 dengan penyakit ginjal berhubungan secara signifikan terhadap sepsis [PR=4,318 (IK 95% 1,767-10,553); p<0,001)] dan mortalitas [PR=1,413 (IK 95%= ,664-3,005); p=0,045)]. Kesimpulan. Penyakit ginjal berhubungan secara signifikan dan meningkatkan risiko terhadap kejadian sepsis dan mortalitas pada pasien COVID-19. Kata Kunci: COVID-19, komorbiditas, penyakit ginjalKidney Disease and Its Impact on COVID-19 Patients at Sanglah Hospital Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia in 2021Introduction. Besides having an impact on the respiratory system, COVID-19 also has an impact on other organ such as the kidneys. The systemic inflammatory response thought to be associated with bad prognosis of COVID-19 patients with kidney disease. This study aimed to determine the impact of kidney disease on COVID-19 patients. Methods. This study is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional approach. The data used is secondary data from the records of confirmed COVID-19 patients who were treated at Sanglah Hospital from 1 May 2021 to 31 August 2021 using total sampling technique.Results. There were 248 patients included in this study. The majority of patients were male (52.4%) with the median overall age of the patients was 59 (range 20–92) years. Most of the patients were severe COVID-19 (65.3%). A total of 77 patients had kidney disease (31.0%) which the most common kidney disease found in patients was acute on chronic kidney disease (n=33; 42.8%). There were significant differences in hemoglobin (p<0.001), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (p<0,001), serum creatinine (p<0.001), and procalcitonin (p<0.001) in patients classified based on kidney disease. Chi-square analysis showed that COVID-19 patients with kidney disease was correlated with sepsis [PR=2.587 (95%CI 1.750-3.824); p<0.001)], mortality [PR=1.696 (95%CI 1.114-2.583); p=0.018)], and severe COVID-19 [PR=1.513 (95%CI 1.077-2.342); p=0.040)]. Logistic regression analysis showed that COVID-19 patients with kidney disease was correlated with sepsis [PR=4.318 (95%CI 1.767-10.553); p<0,001] and mortality [PR=1.413 (95%CI 1.664-3.005); p=0.045)].Conclusion. Kidney disease increases the risk for sepsis and mortality in COVID-19 patients.
Pendahuluan. Pasien COVID-19 dengan diabetes melitus (DM) tipe 2 memiliki morbiditas dan mortalitas yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan antara DM tipe 2 dengan berbagai luaran pada pasien COVID-19 di Rumah Sakit Sanglah Denpasar, Bali.Metode. Sebuah penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional dilakukan pada pasien COVID-19 dengan dan tanpa komorbid DM tipe 2. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder dari rekam medis pasien terkonfirmasi COVID-19 yang dirawat di RSUP Sanglah mulai tanggal 1 Agustus 2020 sampai dengan 28 Februari 2022 dengan menggunakan teknik total sampling.Hasil. Terdapat 1.056 pasien yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini. Pasien didominasi oleh kelompok laki-laki (n=571; 54,1%), dengan median usia 59 tahun. Sebagian besar pasien dikategorikan sebagai COVID-19 berat (n=641; 60,7%) dan sebanyak 275 pasien menderita DM tipe 2 (26,0%). Analisis bivariat menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan pada DM tipe 2
Introduction. A brain abscess is a collection of pus, immune cells, and other materials that are generally caused by bacterial or fungal infection in the brain parenchyma. This disease has a high level of morbidity and mortality, nonetheless, until now there has been no in-depth research on this disease, especially in Bali. Objective. This study aimed to determine the proportion and characteristics of patients with brain abscess at the Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia in 2019-2020. Material and methods. This study is an observational study with a cross sectional method. A total of 41 patients with brain abscesses recorded in hospital medical records in 2019-2020 were included in this study. Univariate analysis was performed to obtain the characteristics of patients with brain abscesses. Results. Most of the patients were male (63.4%), aged 20-39 years. The main complaint most often found in patients was decreased consciousness (56.1%), with neurological symptoms in the form of hemiparesis (32.3%). Most of the abscesses were found on the right frontal, right parietal and left parietal with a percentage of 14.06% each. The CT scan results showed a rim contrast enhancement (63.4%), cerebral edema (75.6%), and normal sulcus gyri (51.2%). Up to 50% of patients with a history of surgical procedures underwent a craniotomy. Other disease histories most often found in patients were sinusitis (29.5%), diabetes mellitus (15.3%), and toxoplasmosis (12.5%). Conclusion. There are varying results of the clinical characteristics of patients with brain abscesses, and indicate the natural course of this disease.
Aims This study was conducted to determine the clinical characteristics and risk factors of reduced ejection fraction (EF) in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods and Results Analytical observational study with a cross-sectional study design was conducted. All patients diagnosed with CAD and had a history of PCI at Sanglah Hospital from December 2020 – June 2021 were enrolled. Univariate analysis was performed to demonstrate the baseline characteristics of the patients. Chi-Square analysis was performed to determine the association between variables. Kruskal-Wallis analysis was performed to determine the differences in clinical characteristics between groups of patients based on the EF. There were 196 patients included in this study. Most of the patients were male (n = 135, 68.9%), with median age of 59 (22-81). The median of the EF was 59.2% (22-81). The most common comorbid found in the patients was hypertension (n = 108, 55.1%). Chi-Square analysis showed a significant association between hyperuricemia (p = 0.019; PR = 1.815; 95%CI= 1.163-2.831), arrhythmias (p = 0.002; PR = 2.271; 95%CI=1.491-3.459), and cardiomegaly (p = 0.011; PR = 1.722; 95%CI=1.151-2.577) with the reduced EF. In logistic regression analysis, arrhythmia (p = 0.009; PR = 4.191; 95%CI=1.426-12.320) was significantly associated with reduced EF. Kruskal-Wallis analysis showed a significant difference in white blood cell (p = 0.021), neutrophil (p = 0.027), and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (p = 0.013) in patients based on the EF. Conclusion The comorbidity of CAD had a significant association with the reduced EF. Early intervention against this factor can improve the quality of management in the patient.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.