Pemanfaatan limbah kulit buah kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) menjadi produk suplemen kesehatan antioksidan berupa sediaan kapsul. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat bertujuan untuk mengenalkan bahwa limbah KBK yang dibuang oleh petani berupa cangkang menjadi limbah perkebunan yang tidak termanfaatkan dan menjadi sumber pencemaran. Senyawa fenolik sebagai antioksidan dari limbah KBK berkhasiat menghambat aktivitas radikal bebas pada tubuh manusia. Kandungan 6 – 9% protein kasar dari KBK telah dimanfaatkan dengan baik sebagai produk suplemen herbal antioksidan. Kegiatan ini dilakukan pada bulan Agustus 2022 yang merupakan bagian program pengabdian masyarakat unggulan Universitas Lampung. Pemanfaatan KBK sebagai produk kapsul suplemen herbal antioksidan, menciptakan kondisi lahan perkebunan kakao menjadi bersih, terhindar dari penyakit seperti busuk buah serta mengendalikan serangan hama. Pelaksanaan PKM bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kapasitas kesejahteraan dan kapasitas masyarakat kelompok tani kakao Pekondoh. Melalui dukungan pemanfaatan serta pemberdayaan potensi sumber daya pekon (desa) dengan cara penyuluhan pembuatan produk sediaan kapsul suplemen antioksidan dari limbah KBK. Hasil pelaksanaan PKM telah diterapkan dengan baik dengan memanfaatkan limbah KBK menjadi produk olahan sediaan kapsul WAKLATDO®. Pengetahuan serta pemahaman masarakat sebelum dan setelah terlibat dalam kegiatan pengabdian berbeda cukup signifikan. Pemanfatan KBK sebelum pendampingan (pre-test) adalah 27.33% dan setelah (post-test) adalah 80,12%. Hasil dapat dikatakan bahwa kegiatan pengabdian yang dilakukan cukup membawa dampak baik akan pengetahuan dalam pemanfaatn KBK.
Avian Influenza disease is caused by an avian influenza virus infection that became one of the biggest causes of death in the world. The subtype of the virus present in Indonesia is the H5N1 virus. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2012, the outbreak of the H5N1 subtype avian influenza virus was first reported in 1996, Guangdong Province, South China, and spread to Indonesia since 2003. The number of death from avian influenza outbreak (H5N1) in Indonesia was recorded to be the highest in the world, with the number of death was 151 of 183 people who positively infected with the virus. The H5N1 virus can enter and infect humans when the body’s immune system of the person is low. Panax ginseng belongs to the Araliaceae family, which contains several components, such as ginsenosides, polyacetylenes, polyphenols, and polysaccharides. The Polysaccharides in Panax ginseng have an immunomodulatory function that can increase cytokine production and activate macrophages as an effort to improve and increase the body’s immune system. Therefore, polysaccharides in Panax ginseng affect avian influenza vaccination because it enhances the body’s immune response.
Hypersensitive pneumonitis (HP), also known as extrinsic allergic alveolitis, is a complex pulmonary syndrome mediated by the immune system and caused by inhalation of various antigens that have previously been sensitized by the individual. The pathobiology of this disease is not fully understood, but in addition to the triggers that initiate the disease, genetic factors tend to be necessary, because only a small proportion of people are exposed to HP. Because of the lack of standard diagnostic standards, the diagnosis of HP is not directly established and depends on several factors, including the history of exposure, antibodies present in specific antigens, clinical features, bronchoalveolar lavage (LAB), and radiological and pathological features. However, in proper management, high suspicion is significant and can negate the need for more invasive tests. Clinical manifestations and allergic history vary greatly. Corticosteroids may be useful in acute episodes to relieve symptoms or chronic progressive disease, but their long-term effects have never been validated in prospective clinical trials. We conduct a systematic review of published journals about HP. The search uses the Pubmed database using the medical term (MeSH) until January 2020. A total of 13 journals and one textbook were identified.
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