ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Acute myocardial infarction is a defective condition of cardiomyocytes due to ischemia resulting from blockage of the coronary arteries. Being one of the leading causes of death in the world, it needs an effective and accurate biomarker to diagnose so as to reduce the number of deaths from acute myocardial infarction. DISCUSSION: MicroRNA (miRNA) is a noncoding RNA molecule, consisting of 20-25 nucleotides. One of them is miRNA-499 which has been known as specific miR on heart muscle damage and also has a sensitivity of 78%, specificity 82%, and AUC 91% and can detect acute myocardial infarction in less than 1 hour. This suggests that miRNA-499 has potential in the management of acute myocardial infarction. CONCLUSION: MiRNA-499 has potential in the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction.