Investigating Myostatin (MSTN) as a potent inhibitor of skeletal muscle growth and development to produce excessive muscles is extremely essential for livestock breeding. This study aimed to analyze the expression of the MSTN gene and its relationships with genotype and phenotype (normal-muscled vs double-muscled) of Belgian Blue (BB) x Ongole Grade (PO) crossbred cattle. For that purpose, 12 animals from BB, PO, BB x PO F1, and BB x PO F2 cattle (3 animals each) raised at Balai Embrio Ternak (BET) Cipelang Bogor, West Java were used for blood sample collection. Genotyping analysis was performed using the PCR-RFLP method withprimer F: 5’-CTC TTC TTT CCT TTC CAT ACA GAC-3’ and R: 5’-AGG GGA AGA CCT TCC ATG TT-3’, while the MSTN gene expression was analyzed using the qPCR technique. As results, three genotypes: del.11/del.11, +/del.11, and +/+ were detected. The del.11/del.11 genotype, which showed a double-muscled phenotype was found in BB cattle and BB x PO F2 cattle. The +/del.11 genotype was found in BB x PO F1 cattle and BB x PO F2 cattle. The +/+ genotype, which showed a normal phenotype was only detected in PO cattle. There was a significant difference of the MSTN gene expression in the sampled animals among genotypes and between phenotypes (normal-muscled vs double muscled). The MSTN expression in animals with del.11/del.11 genotype was higher than that in animals with +/del11 and +/+ genotypes (P<0.05). Animals with +/+ genotype showed the lowest MSTN expression. It was concluded that double-muscled animals showed higher MSTN expression than normal-muscled animals.
Mineral merupakan salah satu nutrisi yang memiliki peran penting dalam reproduksi. Perubahan konsentrasi mineral akan menyebabkan masalah reproduksi termasuk mempengaruhi produksi embrio. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis konsentrasi mineral serum selama produksi embrio dan menganalisis hubungan antara konsentrasi mineral serum dengan kualitas dan kuantitas embrio pada sapi donor Peranakan Ongole (PO). Sampel darah dikoleksi dari 10 ekor sapi donor PO sebelum superovulasi dan saat melakukan panen embrio. Darah diambil melalui vena coccygea kemudian disentrifugasi untuk diambil serumnya. Serum dianalisis terhadap parameter kalsium (Ca), fosfor (P), dan magnesium (Mg) dengan prinsip fotometer menggunakan kit komersial. Data diuji secara statistik menggunakan uji nonparametrik Wilcoxon untuk membandingkan konsentrasi mineral serum sebelum superovulasi dan saat panen embrio. Hubungan antara konsentrasi mineral serum dengan kualitas dan kuantitas embrio dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasi nonparametrik Rank Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produksi embrio tidak mempengaruhi konsentrasi mineral serum. Konsentrasi Mg secara signifikan berhubungan dengan embrio morula, tetapi tidak signifikan dengan total embrio (TE), embrio layak transfer (LT), embrio degenerasi (DG), oosit unfertile (UF), dan embrio blastosis. Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara konsentrasi Ca dan P dengan TE, embrio LT, DG, oosit UF, embrio morula, dan blastosis.
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