15Various physico-chemical parameters including fluoride (F -) were analyzed to 16 understand the hydro geochemistry of an aquifer in a semi-arid region of India. 17Furthermore, the quality of the shallow and deep aquifer (using tube-well and hand-18 pumps) were also investigated for their best ecological use including drinking, 19 domestic, agricultural and other activities. Different multivariate techniques were 20 applied to understand the groundwater chemistry of aquifer. Findings of correlation 21 matrix were strengthened by the factor analysis and this shows that salinity is mainly 22 contributed by magnesium-salts as compared to calcium-salts in the aquifer. The 23 problem of salinization seems mainly compounded by the contamination of the shallow 24 aquifers by the recharging water. High factor loading of total alkalinity and bicarbonates 25 indicates that total alkalinity was mainly due to carbonates and bicarbonates of sodium. 26
In this study, silver nanoparticles were synthesized using Cucumis melo L. leaf extract via a green synthesis approach and their potential against diabetes and coccidiosis was tested under in vitro conditions. The phytochemical components in the leaf extract reacted with silver nitrate in solution and yielded C. melo-silver nanoparticles (Cm-AgNPs). The synthesis of AgNPs was confirmed via UV–visible spectroscopy by obtaining a peak at 440 nm. The nanoparticles were characterized by their morphology, crystallinity, and the presence of functional groups. In vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition assays were carried out at different concentrations in the range of 20 to 100 μg/mL of Cm-AgNPs. The Cm-AgNPs exhibited enzyme inhibitory activity in a concentration-dependent manner. As the concentration of Cm-AgNPs increased the inhibitory activities were also increased linearly and the highest inhibition was observed at 100 μg/mL. The effectiveness of Cm-AgNPs against Eimeria tenalla was assessed by an in vitro 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay using Madin–Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cell lines. The results revealed that the viability of the oocysts and further sporulation were decreased with the increased concentration of Cm-AgNPs. The AgNPs synthesized from the C. melo leaf extract have shown promising potential against diabetes and coccidiosis, and they could be used in biomedical applications.
Background/Objectives: In grid connected photo voltaic systems inverter is the key element. The inverter is required to shape dc current into sinusoidal current and provide fast response under various disturbances. The quality of power injected into the grid depends on proper inverter control. The objective of this paper is reducing harmonics and to improve power factor in grid connected system with balanced and unbalanced loads. Methods/Statistical analysis: In this study, three control mechanisms, adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), ANFIS with static synchronous compensator (STATCOM), ANFIS with dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) are employed to improve power quality. The performances of fuzzy and ANFIS controllers are compared in terms of total harmonic distortion and power factor. MATLAB/ Simulink is used to perform the simulation. Findings: ANFIS controller is more effective compared to fuzzy controller. ANFIS controller with DVR gives less THD and improved power factor as compared to fuzzy controller. Novelty/Applications: Fuzzy and neural network controllers do not need any mathematical modelling and give accurate control as compared to classical PI controllers. In this work, ANFIS controller alone and ANFIS controller along with custom power devices STATCOM and DVR are designed for reduction in total harmonic distortion and improved power factor. The results are tabulated, analyzed and compared with fuzzy controller. It has been shown that ANFIS controller gives better performance compared to fuzzy controller.
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