Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Leaf Extract of Cucumis melo L. and Their In Vitro Antidiabetic and Anticoccidial Activities

Abstract

In this study, silver nanoparticles were synthesized using Cucumis melo L. leaf extract via a green synthesis approach and their potential against diabetes and coccidiosis was tested under in vitro conditions. The phytochemical components in the leaf extract reacted with silver nitrate in solution and yielded C. melo-silver nanoparticles (Cm-AgNPs). The synthesis of AgNPs was confirmed via UV–visible spectroscopy by obtaining a peak at 440 nm. The nanoparticles were characterized by their morphology, crystallinity, and the presence of functional groups. In vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition assays were carried out at different concentrations in the range of 20 to 100 μg/mL of Cm-AgNPs. The Cm-AgNPs exhibited enzyme inhibitory activity in a concentration-dependent manner. As the concentration of Cm-AgNPs increased the inhibitory activities were also increased linearly and the highest inhibition was observed at 100 μg/mL. The effectiveness of Cm-AgNPs against Eimeria tenalla was assessed by an in vitro 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay using Madin–Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cell lines. The results revealed that the viability of the oocysts and further sporulation were decreased with the increased concentration of Cm-AgNPs. The AgNPs synthesized from the C. melo leaf extract have shown promising potential against diabetes and coccidiosis, and they could be used in biomedical applications.

Green Synthesis of ZnO/CuO Nanocomposites Using Parsley Extract for Potential In Vitro Anticoccidial Application

“…13 Recently, Rani et al utilized green-synthesized silver NPs, using Cucumis melo L. leaf extract, and they investigated their potential against diabetes and coccidiosis under in vitro conditions. 14 In another attempt, Hawsah et al synthesized selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) from Azadirachta indica leaves extract using the green synthesis approach; then, they utilized Se NPs for applications of anthelminthic and cytotoxic activities. 15 Kasem et al in another study evaluated the in vitro anticoccidial activities of an ultrasonicated ethanolic extract of Rosmarinus of f icinalis (UEERO) and its chitosan-based nanoparticles (UEERO-Cs NPs) on Eimeria tenella oocysts of chickens.…”

“…Recently, Rani et al. utilized green-synthesized silver NPs, using Cucumis melo L. leaf extract, and they investigated their potential against diabetes and coccidiosis under in vitro conditions . In another attempt, Hawsah et al synthesized selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) from Azadirachta indica leaves extract using the green synthesis approach; then, they utilized Se NPs for applications of anthelminthic and cytotoxic activities .…”