The study was carried out on two different genetic groups of pig viz. Duroc and Hampshire maintained at pig breeding farm of National Research Centre on Pig, Guwahati. Effect of different genetic group and non-genetic factors (year and season of farrowing and parity) were estimated by least squares analysis of variance for different litter production, weight and pre weaning growth rate. Genetic group and parity revealed highly significant (P<0.01) effect on all the traits under study. However, effect of year and season of birth was non significant in most of the cases. The pre weaning mortality of Hampshire pigs was found to be less than Duroc. The performance of litter production and weight traits of Hampshire pigs were found to be better than Duroc pigs in the farm.Key words: Duroc, Growth performance, Hampshire, Litter traits, Piglets.Pig rearing is one of the most important occupations of rural society especially for the tribal masses of India. Preweaning growth characteristics are the best indicator for early selection of pigs . Heavier pigs at birth and weaning have a competitive advantage and remain heavier throughout their stay in group (Beaulieu et al., 2010). The pre weaning performance depends upon various genetic and non genetic factors to a maximum extent. The present study was planned to find out the effect of different genetic and non-genetic factors on growth performance of pre weaned piglets of Duroc and Hampshire pigs.The present investigation was carried out on two different genetic groups of pig viz. Duroc and Hampshire maintained at pig breeding farm of National Research Centre on Pig, Guwahati. A total of 191 farrowings were recorded and the weight of the piglets were taken with electronic balance on the day of birth and then weekly basis up to 35 days and their mean values were calculated. Farrowing records of more than two litter size at birth were considered for the present study.Piglets were housed with their dam in indoor pens (12.0 ft × 10.0 ft with concrete flooring) varying from 6 to 10 piglets/pen. Water was available ad lib. at all times. Creep ration (maize-56.5 parts, wheat bran-10.0 parts, soybean meal-12.0 parts, groundnut cake-19.0 parts, mineral mixture-2.0 parts, and salt-0.5 parts) of 20% CP and 2779 Kcal/ kg were offered to them from 15th day @ 20g / piglet till weaning. The creep ration was increased @ 20 g/ piglet till first week after weaning (Banik et al., 2012). The weaning has been practiced on 35 days. All the piglets were dewormed at three weeks of age. The economic traits viz., litter size at birth (LSB), litter weight at birth (LWB), litter size at weaning (LSW), litter weights at weaning (LWW), individual weight at birth (IWB), individual weight at weaning (IWW) and growth rate (GR) were recorded. A least square model as suggested by Harvey (1987) to estimate the effect of genetic group (2), year of birth (5), season of birth (3) and parity(5) were used by using the model; Y ijklm =m+G i +P j +S k +Pa l +e ijklm , Where Y ijklm =is m th observation of d...
Growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) plays a central role in growth and production through its influence on important metabolic activities in mammals which prompted its wide commercial use including use as a candidate marker. In present experiment, polymorphism at exon 2 and 3 of Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone gene (GHRH) was studied using PCR-RFLP in crossbred and exotic pigs, commonly found in north east India. Restriction enzyme digestion of 467 bp PCR amplicon with AluI revealed 1 genotype. Comparison of obtained sequences revealed large scale nucleotide and residue substitutions. Observed polymorphism may be associated with wide variability in growth (rate) of different breeds of pig.
Background: Chicken represents a valuable genetic resource and protein source, it remains a potential threat to human health as they serve as a reservoir for diseases and food borne pathogens. Diversification of the poultry production is one of the viable options to enhance the food production with less susceptibility to the threats from the emerging diseases and changing climatic conditions. Ducks are promising species suitable for the diversification and will be complimentary with an adaption potential from small to commercial farming. Majority of ducks in the country are desi type with a meagre proportion of improved duck strains. genetic characterization by developing duck specific microsatellite markers and designing suitable improvement program are required to be undertaken at the earliest. The microsatellite markers are extensively used for assessing genetic structure, diversity, and relationships. Information about genetic diversity of indigenous duck breeds is important to design effective improvement and conservation strategies. Therefore, the current studies aim at genetic characterization and evaluation of growth, production and reproduction traits of the crosses of local duck population besides undertaking a suitable duck improvement program. Methods: Spectrophotometric evaluation of DNA extraction, Electrophoretic evaluation of DNA extraction , microsatellite primers- Presently, a panel of 10 informative duck microsatellite markers were identified from database as reported by Alyethodi and Kumar (2010) and Huang et al., (2006) and used for the studies, Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) , Documentation of PCR products by Agarose Gel Electrophoresis, Metaphor agarose gel electrophoresis(MAGE)of microsatellites alleles, Determination of molecular size of microsatellite alleles and genotypes, Statistical analysis of population genetics data, Data on genotype of all experimental birds at ten microsatellites were compiled and analyzed using POPGENE® 3.1 software (Yeh et al., 1999) for their population genetics parameters. Results: The study was conducted at College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, Assam, India. In this study, the genomic DNA was isolated and characterized microsatellite loci in crossbred duck (Pati x White Pekin). Ten microsatellites were used to detect polymorphisms in 50 cross bred ducks. A total of 28 nos of alleles were observed and all loci were polymorphic. The number of alleles ranged from 2 to 5 with an average of 2.6 ±0.08 per microsatellite locus. The observed and expected heterozygosity of these polymorphic makers ranged from 0.00 to 0.42 with an average number of 0.047 and 0.41 to 0.82 with an average number of 0.57, respectively. The Polymorphic markers consist of observed heterozygosities of loci were less than 0.50. The polymorphism information content (PIC) of 10 loci ranged from 0.32 to 0.78 with an average of 0.477. Microsatellite markers will be useful tool for constructing the genetic linkage map of the duck as well as comparative mapping with the chicken.
The study was conducted at Govt. Duck and Poultry Farm, Joysagar, Sivasagar district of Assam with theobjective to develop a meat type duck variety by crossbreeding Vigova Super M Drakes with Pati Ducks.The resulting F1 Generation Ducks were studied for their phenotypic characteristics in comparison to theirparent line. The Body Weight of the F1 generation Duck were studied in comparison to their parent line.The F1 generation were also fed different ration along with different housing conditions. Different bodymeasurements were also studied along with their coat colour. The F1 generation showed marked increasein body weight in comparison to Vogova Super M duck and Pati Duck. Moreover the F1 generation fed onbroiler ration and housed in field condition showed marked increase in body weight in comparison to theduck fed with Layer ration and ducks kept in farm condition. The different body measurement shows themale to be superior to the females in different parameters with different coat colour. The major colourpattern of bill, shank and feet was found to be yellow, whereas skin was mostly white in colour and plumagecolour pattern found to be white, black and brown in different parts of the body.
A biogas plant is an anaerobic digester that produces biogas from organic materials such as animal waste,sewage slurry, vegetable waste and others waste materials. Sahiwal Cattle Farm, College of veterinaryScience, AAU, Khanapara has developed a small-scale biogas plant in farm complex. The objectives of thisplant is to promote green technology and zero waste concepts on animal farming and to mitigate adverseeffects on the environment due to unsystematic management of animal waste disposal. The biogas producedis used as fuel for biogas stove, biogas water heater. Furthermore, the residual solid waste produced at theend of the process has been used as organic fertilizer in the fodder plot of the sahiwal farm complex.Although the hydro-carbons which are derived from direct chemical processes, bio-gas is produced througha bio-chemical process in which some bacteria convert the biological wastes into useful bio-gas comprisingmethane through chemical interaction. Such methane gas is renewable through continuous feeding ofbiological wastes and which are available in plenty in rural areas in the country. Since the useful gasoriginates from biological process, it has been termed as bio-gas in which methane gas is the main constituent.The gas which is produced by the above process in a bio-gas plant does not contain pure methane and hasseveral impurities containing methane, carbon dioxide, Nitrogen, Hydrogen, Carbon monoxide, Oxygenand Hydrogen sulphide.
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