Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present the condition of the bus fleet operated by the bus companies and its impact on the passengers’ decision about the choice of means of transport in the light of the strategy of sustainable development of a region and the European Union (EU) transport policy. Design/methodology/approach – The paper reviews the legal documents of the EU relating to the implementation of the strategy of sustainable development of a region in a public transport. It shows the current condition of research on the shape of the bus fleet in bus companies in Poland, and on the basis of the analysis performed, it indicates the status of its operation and use. It also shows the results of a survey on factors which direct passengers when choosing a means of transport. Findings – The paper shows that the condition of the bus fleet is of great importance to the quality of transport services provided by the bus company and, as a result, to the implementation of sustainable development policy in a region. Practical implications – By pointing to the fact that the aim of the EU transport policy is to increase the role of public transport, strategic action should be taken to renew the bus fleet in the bus companies. Originality/value – The paper presents the need to adapt the condition of the bus fleet to the requirements of its passengers, which in turn will improve the attractiveness of bus transport and will increase the role of public transport in passenger transportation.
streszczeNIeW artykule przedstawiono metodę prognozowania kosztów utrzymania taboru autobusowego w sprawności technicznej z wykorzystaniem modelowania ekonometrycznego. Przeprowadzone analizy i testy potwierdziły poprawność skonstruowanego modelu. Wyznaczona zależność stanowić może podstawę kreowania strategii odtwarzania taboru autobusowego w przedsiębiorstwach transportowych.słOWa kLuczOWe koszty, modelowanie ekonometryczne, prognozowanie WprOWaDzeNIeStan techniczny taboru autobusowego ma istotny wpływ na konkurencyjność transportu publicznego wobec motoryzacji indywidualnej oraz sytuację finansową i ekonomiczną przedsię-biorstw. Z badań rynkowych prowadzonych przez różne ośrodki naukowe (Rucińska, Ruciński, Wyszomirski, 2004;Tomanek, 2004; Dyr, 2009) wynika, że wśród kryteriów wyboru sposobu zaspokajania potrzeb przewozowych istnieją takie, które związane są ze stanem technicznym i wyposażeniem autobusów bezpośrednio (np. bezpieczeństwo, komfort podróży, standard usług uzupełniających) lub pośrednio (np. czas podróży, punktualność). Długi okres eksploatacji autobusów przez przedsiębiorstwa świadczące usługi użyteczności publicznej na rynku przewozów lokalnych i regionalnych powoduje, że oferta tych podmiotów odbiega od oczekiwań użytkowników transportu. Prowadzi to do wyboru samochodu w przejazdach lokalnych, w tym miejskich i regionalnych. W konsekwencji jest przyczyną wielu niekorzystnych zjawisk,
Abstract. European transport policy for the first half the 21st century assumes creating the transport system organised with the respect of the principle of sustainable development, providing economic, social and ecological needs of the society and supporting construction of the integrated society and entirely integrated and competitive Europe. Applying alternative fuels and drives in public transport vehicles, including the development of electric-powered vehicles is an essential instrument of this policy. In the paper fuels applied in the public transport and alternative drives were described. Methodological establishments of evaluation of the investment's financial and economical effectiveness associated with acquiring public means of transport with the alternative drive were discussed. Using the method of the econometric modelling, operational and maintenance costs of use buses with the conventional and alternative drive were described. They constitute the basis of assessment of the financial effectiveness of replacing conventional vehicles with alternative propulsion vehicles. They pointed to benefits resulting from limiting the influence of public transport using alternative propulsion vehicles on the natural environment. They find expression in decreasing transport's external expenses, confirming the economic effectiveness of their application. A special attention was paid on vehicles with the electric propulsion. Their application in the urban transport is a crucial factor of improvement of the air quality in cities. Based on conducted examinations it was pointed at the purpose of applying means of transport with the alternative drive.
Urban transport has a significant impact on the shaping of functionality of cities and well organized makes the city become more attractive as far as the mobility and competitiveness are regarded. Article concerns parameters which pertain to urban bus fleet used in public transport in all voivodeships over the period of 2009-2016. The aim of the paper is to show results of effective demand in urban bus transport. This paper presents also factors that were determining demand.
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