The present study was conducted in Papum pare district of Arunachal Pradesh and selected 160 bamboo growers covering four circle based on elevation. The mean value of adoption score (41.54) is highest in Balijan followed by Kimin (40.26) and lowest in Sagalee circle (35.39). So, the farmers of Balijan circle are much more advanced in adopting the scientific bamboo cultivation practices as compared to other circles. A positive correlation is found in all socioeconomic characteristics except age. The coefficient of multiple determinations explain that all the six variables in overall sample, jointly contributes 53.65 per cent variation in overall adoption score.
The high yielding variety Ranjit is the most popular rice variety in Sivasagar district as is the case for the entire state of Assam. However, its productivity in Sivasagar district is still quite below its potential, primarily because of non-adoption of the management practices recommended to the farmers. To demonstrate the effect of latest technologies on the productivity, the KVK, Sivasagar carried out altogether 24 Front Line Demonstrations (FLD) on the variety with application of Zinc sulphate @ 25kg/ha + NPK @ 60:20:40 kg/ha (recommended dose of fertilizer for paddy in Assam) covering an area of 12 ha of farmers field in five different villages namely Belimukhia, Hulalgaon, Phoolpanichiga, Namti, Bhekurichapori during the year 2018 - 2020. The results recorded in these demonstrations were compared with those under the farmers' local practice. The results revealed that application of Zinc sulphate along with RDF in paddy enhanced the average yield to 53.17 q/ha in FLD plots as compared to 32.17 q/ha recorded under farmer's own practice. The percent increase in yield recorded 33.88%. the extension gap was recorded 21 q/ha whereas technology gap and technology index were observed 6.83 q/ha and 11.37 % respectively. The results revealed that the FLD was effective in changing attitude, knowledge and adoption of improved technologies of paddy cultivation and ultimately in obtaining sustainable income from paddy cultivation in Sivasagar district of Assam.
Many Agroforestry programmes, started during 1970s in various countries, suffered on account of ignoring the socio-economic structure of farm households in the design of these programmes. The empirical studies on behaviour of households on on-farm tree cultivation are now gaining importance in deign socially acceptable Agroforestry programmes to encourage Agroforestry uptake. The study has been carried out in Jaintia hills district of Meghalaya which is located in Indian Eastern Himalayas. The data have been collected on a pre-structured schedule in personal interviews with the head of the households. Amongst social factors family literacy, government employment, size of agricultural holding, religion and mobility of head of household showed significant influence on on-farm tree cultivation. Cropping intensity, size of agricultural holding, annual agricultural income, on-farm income, total household income and area under paddy cultivation were the economic aspects of arm households which influenced cultivation of trees on the farms. The study implies need to consider socio-economic factors to encourage the level of on-farm tree cultivation and design socially acceptable Agroforestry programmes.
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