Industry, homes activites, and aquaculture around situ or lake could contaminate and affect the water quality. This study aimed to determine the diversity of phytoplankton and water pollution level in Situ Bulakan Kota Tangerang based on saprobite index. The research was conducted on December 2014 until March 2015 at Situ Bulakan Kota Tangerang. Observations were made based on 4 points sampling with three repetitions for one day that could represented existing condition. Sampling sites in this study were at inlet flow, middle, outlet, and alleged utilized areas such as floating fish net. The result showed 26 species of phytoplankton from four classes, namely 9 species of Cyanophyceae, 4 species of Bacillariophyceae, 11 species of Chlorophyceae, and 2 species of Euglenophyceae with moderate diversity index (H' = 1.77─2.05). Monoraphidium sp. was a species dominated in Situ Bulakan Kota Tangerang which was found 215 individuals. So it can be said as saprobite bioindicator. Saprobite index in Situ Bulakan Kota Tangerang showed moderate to severe contaminated with α-mesosaprobic (0.14).
Suku Fabaceae (polong-polongan) merupakan salah satu kelompok tumbuhan berbunga bernilai ekonomi tinggi. Berbagai jenis yang ditanam sebagai tanaman hias dan pohon peneduh di tempat umum, termasuk di kampus UIN Syarif Hidayatullah. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyediakan informasi mengenai keanekaragaman jenis tumbuhan polong berperawakan pohon di kampus UIN Syarif Hidayatullah. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode jelajah dan studi pustaka. Pengamatan lapangan dilakukan di kampus I dan II. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan, didapatkan sebanyak 10 jenis anggota suku Fabaceae berperawakan pohon di lingkungan kampus. Kesepuluh jenis tersebut tercakup dalam 3 anak suku, 8 puak, dan 10 marga. Suku Fabaceae juga dipakai sebagai bahan ajar untuk mata kuliah Sistematika Tumbuhan.
Peel off gel masks have become a trend in the field of beauty as a facial skin care. Utilization of mangosteen rind extract is thought to be able to provide more function on the mask as its high levels of antioxidant. This study discusses the optimum formulation of antioxidant peel off gel mask with mangosteen rind ethanol extract. Mangosteen rind was obtained from the market in the South Tangerang area and then extracted using 96% ethanol as the solvent by maceration. Peel off gel mask preparation is formulated with extract concentrations of 1%, 2% and 4%. Stability test in the form of analysis of pH, viscosity, dry time, and homogenation was carried out for four weeks. Antioxidant analysis was carried out to detect flavonoid, saponins and tannins. The results showed that the extract contained flavonoids, saponins and tannins with free radical scavenging values of 16.10%. The optimum formulation of peel off gel mask is with 2% extract because it has an acidic pH, a viscosity value of 8025 cps, a thick texture, and has a drying time of about 14 minutes.
Durio connatus is described and illustrated as a new species for the first time. This species is similar to D. kutejensis, but has four unique characters, viz. shorter petals, stamens fasciculate in five phalanges with filaments connate basally, stamens caduceus, falling easily from the petals and sepals, and fruit opening easily before falling to the ground.
Reading is one of the four language skills that should be mastered well be senior high school students in learning English, one of them is reading skill. This language skill, unfortunately, has not been well mastered by the eleventh graders of SMA N 3 Magelang. Mostly, the students find some difficulties in practicing English reading activity. It becomes worse because of their low motivation in learning English. The fact shows that the students' average score in reading skill is 68. It means that their average score was less than standard minimum score of passing grade which is 77. There are some factors that cause this condition. One of the factors is the monotonous way of teaching that makes the students have low motivation to study English reading. There are two objectives of this research. They are to know whether the use of Go Faster technique canincrease the leraning motivation of the eleventh graders of SMA Negeri 3 Magelang in reading of hortatory exposition text and to know how great the improvement of the students reading skill on hortatory exposition text who are taught using Go Faster technique. The writer took the eleventh graders of SMA N 3 Magelang as the subject of the research. The writer conducted a Classroom Action Research (CAR). It was divided into three phases, Pre-Cycle, Cycle I, Cycle II. The techniques used to collect the data were test and non-test techniques. The writer used score percentage in each cycle to analyze the data. The result of the test shows that the percentage of the students who got the score of 77 or above increased 12,27 point after they were taught using Go FasterTechnique. In the Pre-Cycle, the students' average score was 71,56and after they were taught using Go Faster Technique in Cycle I, the score was 76.30. The average score in Cycle II was 83.83 and it means there was improvement 7.53 point from Cycle I. Then, there was also a positive change of the students' motivation to learn English. They were enthusiastic to improve their skill in reading a hortatory exposition text.
Hutan Taman Nasional Gunung Gede Pangrango (TNGGP) merupakan kawasan yang kaya akan keanekaragaman jenis tumbuhan obat. Hal tersebut disebabkan tanah yang subur dan iklim mikro hutan tropis yang lembab di kawasan ini. Jenis-jenis tumbuhan obat yang beragam ini perlu dikaji potensi dan penyebarannya untuk menjaga kelestarian dan keberlanjutannya. Pengambilan sampel tumbuhan menggunakan metode kuadrat berukuran 2x2 m 2 , 5x5 m 2 , 10x10 m 2 , dan 20x20 m 2 pada ketinggian 1400, 1500, dan 1600 meter di atas permukaan laut (m dpl). Tumbuhan diidentifikasi secara langsung menggunakan buku identifikasi tumbuhan obat dan jasa parataksonom. Metode wawancara dilakukan terhadap masyarakat lokal di sekitar hutan TNGGP yang memiliki pengetahuan tentang pemanfaatan tumbuhan obat. Data dianalisis secara kuantitatif dengan Excel 2007 dan dideskripsikan bagian tumbuhan yang dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku obat. Tumbuhan obat yang berhasil diidentifikasi sejumlah 45 jenis yang termasuk ke dalam 40 marga dan 29 suku. Suku dengan anggota terbanyak yaitu 4 jenis ditemukan pada Urticaceae, sedangkan suku lainnya beranggotakan satu hingga tiga jenis. Anggota suku Urticaceae diyakini dapat digunakan dalam pengobatan demam, batuk, mata, organ vital wanita, dan anti kanker. Bagian tumbuhan yang banyak dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku obat adalah daun (42%) dibandingkan akar, batang, bunga, dan buah. Tingkat keanekaragaman tumbuhan obat tergolong sedang (1≤H'≤3). Kekayaan jenis tumbuhan berperawakan herba tergolong tinggi (R'>5), pancang dan pohon tergolong sedang (R'=3,5─5), dan tiang berkategori rendah (R'<3,5). Informasi tentang potensi tumbuhan obat di hutan TNGGP diharapkan dapat dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat sekitar kawasan pada khususnya dan mendukung upaya konservasi agar tetap terjaga kelestariannya.
Soil-Transmitted Helminth (STH) is a group of intestinal parasitic nematode worms that can infect humans. One of the transmissions to humans is consuming lettuce grown on soil media. This study aims to identify the types of intestinal parasitic nematodes found in lettuce and soil from plantations based in the Regency of Bogor, Cianjur, and Bandung and analyze the prevalence, intensity, and dominance categories before and after irradiation. The irradiation dose used was 5 kGy with a gamma irradiation source [60Co]. The descriptive method used in this study where the samples were collected from 9 sampling points at each study site. Identification showed that there were 3 types of intestinal parasitic nematodes found in lettuce, namely Ascaris lumbricoides (1,833 eggs), Strongyloides stercoralis (2 larvae), and Trichuris trichiura (91 eggs). The highest prevalence was found in A. lumbricoides (100%) which is classified %) classified as very severe contamination, very severe, and superinfection intensity of contamination criteria. The highest dominance of intestinal parasitic nematodes was found in A. lumbricoides. In the post-irradiated lettuce and soil samples was found eggs of A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura. The eggs of A. lumbricoides were the most common, 321 eggs were found in the post-irradiated lettuce, while 11 eggs of T. trichiura were found therein. Irradiation techniques can be used for the application of free-STH lettuce in the future, however, maintaining fresh food sanitation shall always be a priority preventive effort.AbstrakSoil Transmitted Helminth (STH) merupakan kelompok cacing nematoda parasit intestinalis yang dapat menginfeksi manusia. Salah satu transmisi kepada manusia adalah mengonsumsi selada yang ditanam pada media tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis cacing nematoda parasit intestinalis yang ditemukan pada selada dan tanah asal perkebunan di Kabupaten Bogor, Kabupaten Cianjur, dan Kabupaten Bandung serta menganalisis kategori prevalensi, intensitas, dan dominansinya sebelum dan pascairadiasi. Dosis iradiasi yang digunakan adalah 5 kGy dengan sumber iradiasi gamma [60Co]. Metode deskriptif digunakan pada penelitian ini, sampel dikoleksi dari 9 titik sampling pada setiap lokasi. Identifikasi menunjukkan terdapat 3 jenis cacing nematoda parasit intestinalis yang ditemukan pada selada yaitu Ascaris lumbricoides (1.833 telur), Strongyloides stercoralis (2 larva), dan Trichuris trichiura (91 telur). Prevalensi tertinggi ditemukan pada A. lumbricoides (100%) tergolong tingkat kontaminasi kategori selalu dengan kriteria kontaminasi sangat parah, intensitas kontaminasi kategori super infeksi. Dominansi cacing nematoda parasit intestinalis tertinggi ditemukan pada A. lumbricoides. Pada selada dan sampel tanah pasca iradiasi ditemukan telur A. lumbricoides dan T. trichiura. Telur A. lumbricoides merupakan yang terbanyak, pada selada pasca iradiasi ditemukan 321 sedangkan T. trichiura ditemukan 11. Teknik iradiasi dapat digunakan untuk aplikasi selada bersih dari STH di masa datang namun menjaga sanitasi pangan segar merupakan usaha preventif prioritas.
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