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BackgroundThe development of high-throughput Microarray technologies has provided various opportunities to systematically characterize diverse types of computational biological networks. Co-expression network have become popular in the analysis of microarray data, such as for detecting functional gene modules.ResultsThis paper presents a method to build a co-expression network (CEN) and to detect network modules from the built network. We use an effective gene expression similarity measure called NMRS (Normalized mean residue similarity) to construct the CEN. We have tested our method on five publicly available benchmark microarray datasets. The network modules extracted by our algorithm have been biologically validated in terms of Q value and p value.ConclusionsOur results show that the technique is capable of detecting biologically significant network modules from the co-expression network. Biologist can use this technique to find groups of genes with similar functionality based on their expression information.

The existence of various types of correlations among the expressions of a group of biologically significant genes poses challenges in developing effective methods of gene expression data analysis. The initial focus of computational biologists was to work with only absolute and shifting correlations. However, researchers have found that the ability to handle shifting-and-scaling correlation enables them to extract more biologically relevant and interesting patterns from gene microarray data. In this paper, we introduce an effective shifting-and-scaling correlation measure named Shifting and Scaling Similarity (SSSim), which can detect highly correlated gene pairs in any gene expression data. We also introduce a technique named Intensive Correlation Search (ICS) biclustering algorithm, which uses SSSim to extract biologically significant biclusters from a gene expression data set. The technique performs satisfactorily with a number of benchmarked gene expression data sets when evaluated in terms of functional categories in Gene Ontology database.

Construction of co-expression network and extraction of network modules have been an appealing area of bioinformatics research. This article presents a co-expression network construction and a biologically relevant network module extraction technique based on fuzzy set theoretic approach. The technique is able to handle both positive and negative correlations among genes. The constructed network for some benchmark gene expression datasets have been validated using topological internal and external measures. The effectiveness of network module extraction technique has been established in terms of well-known p-value, Q-value and topological statistics.

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