A new classification of the large Neotropical genus Myrcia s.l. is proposed. Nine sections are presented that correspond to recently published clades. Of these nine sections, sects. Myrcia, Aulomyrcia and Sympodiomyrcia are already published, sects. Reticulosae and Tomentosae are new sections, sect. Eugeniopsis is a new combination whilst sects. Aguava, Calyptranthes and Gomidesia are new combinations at a new rank (comb. & stat. nov.). Six lectotypifications are made for sections or genera. Estimates of species per section are listed.
Myrtaceae é reconhecidamente uma família de grande importância no bioma Cerrado. Dentre os gêneros da família, Myrcia desponta como um dos mais representativos e com centros de distribuição geográfica nos estados de Minas Gerais e Goiás. O presente estudo revela a ocorrência de 33 espécies de Myrcia nos campos rupestres e fisionomias florestais associadas de Minas Gerais. O presente tratamento para o gênero no estado apresenta chave de identificação, descrições, dados de distribuição geográfica e comentários sobre as espécies.
The shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora.
AgradecimentosEm 2009 a doutora Carolyn Elinore Barnes Proença fez parte da banca examinadora da minha dissertação de mestrado e após a defesa me convidou para abraçar essa aventura de fazer a flora de Myrciinae para Goiás e Tocantins. Como toda -mais ou menos -jovem entusiasmada e sem noção de desafios me senti lisonjeada com a oferta e fiquei amadurecendo a ideia de me mudar para o planalto central.Obrigada Carol pela confiança, espero suprir suas expectativas.Depois de 10 anos morando em Uberlândia onde fiz graduação e mestrado e uma infinidade de amigos mudei-me para Brasília. Não foi a primeira mudança e espero que não seja a última, mas foi sem dúvida a mais chocante. Agradeço aos amigos que fiz em solo brasiliense, Ana Gabriela, Carol Schaffer e Estevão, por ter feito meus dias mais palatáveis. Myrtaceologicamente falando -e inventando palavras -fui privilegiada por conseguir discutir minhas espécies com duas das maiores especialistas da família.Obrigada Eimear pela paciência em me ajudar com as indecifráveis Myrceugenia e Eve que mesmo sempre ocupadíssima me aconselhava semanalmente me acalmando e me encorajando a seguir com minhas pesquisas. E aos amigos que fiz no herbário de Kew, 5 discutindo circunscrições, achando todas as espécies muito loucas, e tomando um pint no Botanist pra pensar melhor: um abraço Ana Raquel, Duane, Matheus e Thais. Sem falar da minha companheira de viagem e percalços europeus hahaha ai Vanessa que paciência você foi obrigada a ter, obrigada por tudo.De volta a Brasília, cabeça fervendo de muitas ideias, sinonimizações e desinonimizações não posso deixar de agradecer ao Jair que sempre me escutou, concordando ou discordando e brigando no campo e Daniel que vai ficar bravo por eu ter colocado a espécie dele aqui, mas eu sei que passa.Aos meus amigos de sempre, obrigada meus queridos, ter amigos à distância para falar bobeira pelo Skype faz da nossa vida corrida melhor: Anabella, Jordana, Francielle, Dani, Nathália, Eric, Deise, Batata, Gustavo, Ana Isa, Dánilo, Lucas Pato, Zuca e todos da BioUFU. Esse ano tive a oportunidade de começar a trabalhar como diretora do HerbárioEzechias Paulo Heringer do Jardim Botânico de Brasília. Coisa mais linda é uma botânica trabalhar num Jardim Botânico. E junto com o trabalho a oportunidade de conhecer pessoas boas, Mari, Cesinha, Dina, Vânia, Seu Zé e todos os meus colegas de trabalho, me orgulho muito em fazer parte dessa equipe.Ao Léo que me aguenta diariamente, que foi um companheirão indo comigo todos os finais de semana para o Departamento de Botânica da UnB só para que eu não fizesse o caminho sozinha e ainda por cima perdeu um tempão me ajudando com as pranchas da tese, obrigada meu lindo. Carinho, gratidão e companheirismo definem.A todos os meus familiares que não entendem como eu, nessa idade, ainda estou estudando "Mas vai gostar de estudar hein" hahaha Obrigada pelas guloseimas congeladas Tia Nair, Tia Ieda e família. 6Mas aí vem minha mãe batalhadora e incentivadora que sempre quis um futuro melhor para suas filhas; minha irmã, ...
Dyckia is a South American genus mostly distributed in the Brazilian Cerrado and Caatinga domains, which are part of the South American dry diagonal where it represents an important floristic and ecological component. Following phylogenetic studies, the genus was recently expanded to include species previously placed in Encholirium and Deuterocohnia. With this new delimitation, Dyckia comprises ca. 220 species, of which some are micro‐endemic. We present novelties in the genus for the South American dry diagonal based on fieldwork, herbarium specimens and the literature. Two new micro‐endemic species are described: Dyckia avacanoeira, endemic to Chapada dos Veadeiros; and Dyckia oreadica, endemic to the Jalapão region. We provide complete descriptions, illustrations, distribution maps, photographs, preliminary conservation assessments and comments on the taxonomy and ecology of the two species. Additionally, in view of the new circumscription of Dyckia, we provide a new name, Dyckia viridiflora, to replace an illegitimate name, and a new combination, Dyckia josinoi‐narcisae, for a species previously placed in Encholirium.
Glaziou was one of the most prominent plant collectors in the history of Brazilian botany. His field expeditions during the second Cruls Mission (1894–1895) in the area now recognized as Goiás and Distrito Federal led him to collect 26 of the 32 species of Myrcia he was to name in his botanical career. Glaziou´s itinerary in the second Cruls Mission was reconstructed and mapped, showing he spent 40% of his collecting days in the present Distrito Federal and 60% in Goiás. His List of Species is now considered a suppressed work by the International Code of Nomenclature for the Algae, Fungi and Plants because he did not fulfill the criteria for formal species description. After examining over 300 specimens in Brazilian and European herbaria, we concluded that 23 of his names are synonyms of older, currently accepted names. The remaining three names are new species and are here formally described. This work underlines the importance of revisiting historical collections following recent changes in Myrcia taxonomy, to improve the understanding of species diversity in ecologically heterogeneous areas in large, morphologically complex genera such as Myrcia.
Abstract— Two new species of Eriocaulon (Eriocaulaceae) from the Brazilian Cerrado are described and illustrated. Eriocaulon benedictum, found in the Tocantins River Basin and Plate River Basin has a vegetative morphology similar to Eriocaulon aquatile and E. modestum due to the submerged life form with submerged leaves and long scapes surpassing the water column, but differs from both by the presence of a submerged stem with spiral leaves (vs. a rhizome with rosulate leaves), obtrullate floral bracts (vs. oblong floral bracts in E. aquatile or obovate in E. modestum), and band shaped projections on the seeds (vs. post shaped projections on E. modestum or projections absent in E. aquatile). Eriocaulon naviculum, found in the Araguaia River Basin, an emergent species, has a floral morphology similar to E. altogibbosum and E. gibbosum due to the presence of gibbous sepals in the pistillate flowers, but differs from both by the grey trichomes on the leaf sheath (vs. translucent trichomes in the latter species), slightly sinuous scapes (vs. straight scapes in the latter species), membranous, gibbous swelling in the sepals of the pistillate flowers (vs. incrassate gibbous swelling in the latter species), and seeds without projections with a rough lumen (vs. seeds without projections with a smooth lumen in E. gibbosum or seeds with band-like projections in E. altogibbosum). Detailed descriptions, including anatomical and seed data, illustrations, and maps of occurrence are presented for the new species, as are data on the ecology, geographic distribution, and risk assessments. An updated key for Eriocaulon species from the Tocantins-Araguaia River Basin is also provided.
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