Sheet pipe technology is a drainage and irrigation underground system. This study aimed to understand the effect of sheet pipe technology on growth, yield and prospect to increase planting index (PI) on irrigated rice field. The research conducted in Sukamandi Experimental Station, West Java on 2019 to 2020. It used nested design with five replications. First was water management as nested factor, i.e.: Sheet pipe and (2) no sheet pipe. Second was cropping system, i.e.: (1) paddy–paddy, (2) paddy–paddy–soybean, (3) paddy–paddy–paddy, using Inpari 43 GSR Agritan. The result shown that (1) The effect of sheet pipe was strongly influenced by the season, especially in the dry season. (2) Sheet pipe supported better tiller ability, leaf area index, biomass, plant height, root volume, number of panicle per hill, number of grains per panicle and yield. (3) Increasing PI from two to three using sheet pipe technology could increase the total yield by 11.54% (paddy-paddy-soybean) and 26.94% (paddy-paddy-paddy) compared with no sheet pipe. Meanwhile, the paddy-paddy also provided total yield of 10.86% compared with no sheet pipe, and (4) Sheet pipe increased soil pH, bacterial aerobic, rhizobium and nitrogen fixing bacteria, and soil respiration.
Penelitian skrining/penapisan genotipe padi gogo haploid ganda toleran naungan secara ex situ bertujuan untuk mendapatkan galur—galur baru padi gogo unggul toleran terhadap naungan. Percobaan dilakukan pada bulan Juli sampai dengan Oktober 2005 di Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian, Bogor. Percobaan dilakukan secara ex situ menggunakan metode Uji Cepat Fase Bibit dan Metode Uji Paranet. Bahan tanaman yang digunakan adalah 91 galur padi gogo haploid ganda hasil kultur antera ditambah Sembilan kultivar dan galur. Kultivar Jatiluhur dan Kalimutu, berturut-turut digunakan sebagai kontrol toleran dan peka terhadap naungan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 22 galur haploid ganda, dua kultivar, dan satu galur termasuk kategori toleran terhadap intensitas cahaya rendah yang konsisten berdasarkan kedua metode skrining yang digunakan. Galur—galur haploid ganda toleran yaitu: GI-7, GI-8, GI-12, lG-l9, IG-38, JW-70, JW-7l, JW-75, WI-43, WI-44, Wl-49, IW-53, IW-54, IW-56, IW-58, IW-59, lW-60, IW-64, IW67, IW-l05, IW-107, dan IW-108. Dua Kultivar termasuk kategori toleran yaitu Jatiluhur dan Dodokan, serta satu galur termasuk toleran yaitu galur ITA-247. Kultivar Jatiluhur dan Kalimutu berturut-turut sebagai kontrol toleran dan peka, pada penelitian ini keduanya konsisten. Untuk mempercepat perolehan genotipe padi toleran naungan, secara ex situ skrining dapat dilakukan dengan Uji Cepat Fase Bibit.
Grain yield was influenced by genotype, environment and, genotype x environment interaction, so the maximum potential of rice will appear when planted in a suitable environment. The study aims to estimate grain yield stability of 20 genotypes of rice in dry season of 2014 in three locations. The experimental design used was a randomized complete block design with three replications. The average grain yield of the three locations ranged from 5.60 to 7.89 ton/ha. Based on the combined analysis of variance, the interaction between the genotype x environment was significant. Six lines have grain yield were not significantly different fromCiherang, which were BP5168F-KN-16-3, BP4114-7f-Kn-22-2-KLT-2*B-SKI- 1*B, BP5168f-kn-16-3-KLT-2*B-SKI-1*B, BP11282f-Kn-4-3-KLT-2*B, BP5478-1f-Kn-19-1-2-KLT-2*B-SKI-1*B, and HHZ12-SAL2-Y3-Y1. Only OBS 8412 which has grain yield higher than Ciherang. Based on the coefficient of regression and coefficient of variability, HHZ12-SAL2-Y3-Y1 and OBS 8412 were stable and have general adaptability in Cilacap, Sukabumi, and Kebumen. BP12244-20-3-1-3 and HHZ12-SAL8-Y1-Y2 were specifically adapted in the low yielding environment. BP5480-3f-Kn-4-1-KLT-2*B, Ciherang, and INPARI 32 HDB were specifically adapted in high yielding environment.
Rice is a short duration of seasonal crop. Therefore utilizing solar radiation effectively in its limited growth cycle becomes a key factor for the rice productivity. This research was aimed to study the relationship between growth duration, biomass production, harvest index and grain yield. The first experiment was conducted to screen biomass yield and growth duration among 27 rice genotypes. The experiment was planted in a randomized complete block design replicated three times, at two locations i.e. Sukamandi (Aluvial, 5 m above sea level) and Muara, Bogor (Latosol, 250 m above sea level) during wet season of 2016/2017. The second experiment was carried out in Sukamandi, in wet season of 2017/2018, using six selected genotypes from the first experiment, treated with different dosages of N. Results showed that there was interaction between genotype and location for growth duration and plant biomass. Grain yield correlated significantly with days to flowering for the short duration group, while for the longer duration group the correlation was negative. Longer growth duration of rice genotypes tended to accumulate more biomass into their stem, which resulted in lower harvest index. Genotypes with higher grain yield had growth duration from sowing to flowering between 75-85 days and had higher harvest index. Genotypes B14671E-MR-39-3-2-2 and B12411-MR responded efficiently to fertilizer dosage increases from 115 kg N/ ha to 207 kg N/ha, while Inpari-32, Inpari-19, and Inpari-43 did not. The information from this study is useful to rice breeder in developing high yielding varieties.
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