Purwoceng (Pimpinella alpina Molk) is a traditional medicinal plant used for its aphrodisiac values. This plant was originated Dieng Plateu, Central Java, Indonesia. Purwoceng has been reported to contain steroid, flavonoids, glycoside, saponins, tannins, and phenolic. Based on secondary metabolite compounds of Purwoceng herbs, a research need to be done to determine the other potential free radicals scavenger and antibacterial activities of Purwoceng. The objectives of this research are to screen the potential free radicals scavenger activity of in vitro using DPPH (1,1 diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil) radicals and NO• (nitric oxide) radicals, and antibacterial activity of Purwoceng. The extraction is done by a maceration method with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, and ethanol solvent, respectively. Free radicals scavenger test was performed using DPPH radicals and NO• radicals, while antibacterial activity screening was performed using agar diffusion test. The results showed that ethyl acetate extract of Purwoceng has free radical scavenger activity with IC50 53.07 ppm lower than butylated hydroxytoluene. Ethyl acetate extract and ethanol extract of Purwoceng have antibacterial activity against Staphyloccus aureus, Escherichia coli, and MG42 bacterial isolate.
Ekstrak etanol daun sirsak (Annona muricata L.) dilaporkan memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dengan nilai konsentrasi hambat 50 (IC50) sebesar 14,48 µg/mL. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sifat fisik dan aktivitas antioksidan dari lulur krim ekstrak etanol daun sirsak. Serbuk kering daun sirsak diekstraksi dengan etanol 70% kemudian dibuat formula lulur krim dengan konsentrasi 1,4%, 2,8%, dan 4,2% lalu dilakukan uji sifat fisiknya. Aktivitas antioksidan ditentukan dengan metode DPPH (1,1-difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lulur krim ekstrak daun sirsak pada semua konsentrasi memenuhi semua persyaratan uji sifat fisik sediaan topikal yang baik. Hal ini meliputi organoleptis, homogenitas, viskositas, pH, daya sebar dan daya lekat. Nilai IC50 lulur krim ekstrak etanol daun sirsak dengan konsentrasi 1,4%; 2,8%; dan 4,2% adalah 30,72; 26,82; dan 24,03 µg/mL. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa sediaan lulur krim ekstrak daun sirsak memiliki aktivitas antioksidan atau penangkapan radikal bebas dengan kategori sangat aktif.
The Dieng geothermal system is volcano-hosted, and its reservoir is liquid-dominated. Thermal manifestations lay at about 2,000 m asl. Previous studies suggest that the field consists of three prospect areas, namely Sileri, Sikidang-Merdada, and Pakuwaja. Dieng Geothermal Field has serious problems with mineral scaling and corrosion in the production facility. The problems, to some extent, are related to the natural characteristics of the system. In our study, cuttings from 4 of 47 wells drilled in Dieng were examined using petrography and X-Ray Diffractometry techniques to better understand the subsurface geology of the Dieng Geothermal Field, including different types of hydrothermal alteration mineralogy. The wells MG-1, MG-2 and MG-3, and MG-4 are chosen to represent the prospect areas, respectively. In general, typical hydrothermal minerals in Dieng Geothermal Field formed by near-neutral pH fluids characterized by clays (smectite, illite, chlorite), silica (quartz, cristobalite), calcite, wairakite, pyrite, epidote, and actinolite. In wells MG-3 which are located in the Sikidang-Merdada area, acidic alteration such as anhydrite, pyrophyllite, and native sulfur are present. Most notably, anhydrite occurs from the near-surface down to depths >2,000 m. These findings indicate the existence of acidic fluids at the deeper parts of the Sikidang-Merdada area. Furthermore, we utilize subsurface geological data from other wells within all the three prospect areas to complement our review.
This study aims to investigate the response of Bird Communities Guild Composition in Geothermal Area Kamojang Nature Reserve and Kamojang Nature Park West Java Indonesia. We compared the number of species, the number of individuals and the composition of bird guilds of directly affected (DL) and not affected (TL) in Kamojang geothermal working area, Kamojang nature reserve and Kamojang nature park in Bandung regency of West Java Province. The directly affected sites were surrounding production wells or geothermal power plants (30 samples) whereas indirectly affected sites were with distance of 3,000 m to 9,000 m from those facilities (42 samples). The data collection was carried out during two seasons; dry and rainy season in (2015-2016). We collected bird community data with the point count method which was placed systematically on each site. We found 124 bird species in CA / TWA Kamojang and 90 species (1560 individuals) of birds at the sample point. The number of species and the number of individual in TL locations is greater than the DL (DL locations = 65 species, 525 individuals; TL sites = 72 species, 1035 individuals). There is a difference of responses between bird communities in the DL and TL sites which is indicated by differences in the mean number of species and number of individuals in each point count.The mean number of species and the number of individual birds per point count in the TL location is greater than DL.The CA / TWA area of Kamojang has seven bird guilds: insectivores, frugivores, granivores, nectarivores, carnivores, piscivores and omnivores. The results of the significance test on the number of species and the number of individuals per guild showed no significant differences between the DL and TL sites, but the birds in DL were commonly found (generalists) and birds found in TL sites were mostly specialist. This proves that the TL location has better environmental conditions or relatively undisturbed.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji komposisi guild komunitas burung di Area Panas Bumi Cagar Alam dan Taman Wisata Alam Kamojang. Penulis membandingkan jumlah jenis, jumlah individu dan komposisi guild burung pada lokasi yang terdampak langsung (DL) dan tidak terdampak langsung (TL) di Wilayah Kerja Panas Bumi Kamojang, Cagar Alam Kamojang dan Taman Wisata Alam Kamojang, Kabupaten Bandung, Provinsi Jawa Barat. Lokasi yang terkena dampak langsung berada di sekitar sumur produksi atau pembangkit listrik tenaga panas bumi (30 sampel) sedangkan lokasi yang tidak terdampak langsung adalah dengan jarak 3.000 m sampai 9.000 m dari fasilitas tersebut (42 sampel). Pengumpulan data dilakukan selama dua musim; musim kemarau dan penghujan (2015-2016). Kami mengumpulkan data komunitas burung dengan metode point count yang ditempatkan secara sistematis di setiap lokasi. Kami menemukan 124 jenis burung di CA/TWA Kamojang dan 90 jenis (1560 individu) burung pada titik contoh. Jumlah jenis dan jumlah individu burung di lokasi TL lebih besar dibanding lokasi DL. (lokasi DL (65 jenis; 525 individu) dan lokasi TL (72 jenis; 1035 individu). Terdapat perbedaan respon antara komunitas burung di lokasi DL dan TL yang ditunjukkan dengan perbedaan rata-rata jumlah jenis dan jumlah individu tiap titik contoh. Rata-rata jumlah jenis dan jumlah individu burung tiap titik contoh pada lokasi TL lebih besar dibandingkan lokasi DL. Kawasan CA/TWA Kamojang mempunyai dari 7 macam guild burung yaitu : insektivora, frugivora, granivora, nektarivora, karnivora, piscivora dan omnivora.Hasil uji signifikansi terhadap jumlah jenis dan jumlah individu setiap guild menunjukkan tidak adanya perbedaan nyata antara lokasi DL dan TL, namun pada lokasi DL burung-burung yang ditemukan merupakan burung yang umum ditemukan (generalis) dan burung yang ditemukan di lokasi TL sebagian besar merupakan burung spesialis. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa lokasi TL memiliki kondisi lingkungan yang lebih baik atau relatif tidak terganggu.
AbstrakPerbedaan harga daging yang tinggi, membuat beberapa penjual yang tidak etis mengganti daging sapi dengan daging anjing secara sengaja untuk mendapatkan keuntungan ekonomis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan GCMS yang dikombinasi dengan kemometrika PCA untuk analisis cepat dari asam lemak anjing pada bakso formulasi dan bakso sapi di pasaran. Metode penelitian adalah non eksperimental berupa identifikasi profil asam lemak daging anjing pada bakso sapi formulasi dan bakso sapi di pasaran. Hasil penelitian yang didapat berupa profil kromatogram GCMS menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan komposisi asam lemak antara daging anjing dan sapi. Pada lemak daging anjing muncul beberapa asam lemak yang tidak dimiliki oleh lemak daging sapi diantaranya asam kaproat, asam siklopentanetridekanoat, asam arakhidonat, asam 7,10,13-eikosatrienoat, asam 9,12,15-oktadekatrienoat. Analisis kualitatif dari kromatogram GCMS menggunakan PCA menunjukkan lemak sapi, anjing, kambing, babi dan ayam dapat diidentifikasi dan dibedakan. ). The difference of meat prices is high, some unethical seller replaces beef intentionally with dog meat to get economical profits. The study aims to assess the capability of GCMS coupled with chemometrics of PCA for rapid screening of dog fat in beef meatball formulation and beef meatballs in the market. The method research is non experimental that is identification of fatty acid profile of dog meat in beef meatball simulation and beef meatballs in the market. The result obtained from GCMS chromatogram profile showed that there is a difference in fatty acid composition between beef and dog meat. In dog meat fat appears some fatty acids that are not owned by beef fat i.e caproic acid, cyclopentanetridecanoic acid, arachidonate acid, 7,10, 9,12, Abstract Fatty Acid Analysis of Dog Meat in Beef Meatball by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) Combined With PCA (Principle Component Analysis
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