Abstract. Prehadi, Sembiring A, Kurniasih EM, Arafat D, Subhan B, Madduppa HH. 2015. DNA barcoding and phylogenetic reconstruction of shark species landed in Muncar fisheries landing site in comparison with Southern Java fishing port. . Sharks are one of main fisheries commodity that are currently exploited on a large scale because of their high economic value. The identification of sharks has been a difficult one due to the specimen's similarity in morphology and mostly have had key diagnostic features removed. This study aimed to identify and to review the status of sharks, and also to reconstruct the shark species that were landed at South Java fishing port using molecular approaches. The DNA amplification was using cytochrome oxidase I mitochondrial of locus and 600-700 basepairs. A total of seven species from 59 individuals was identified including Alopias pelagicus, Carcharhinus falciformis, C. sorrah, C. amblyrhynchos, Galeocerdo cuvier, Atelomycterus marmoratus, and Spyrna lewini. The diversity of shark species landed in Muncar during the last 2 years has been decreased. The identified sharks species in this study sites were about 18% of all Indonesian sharks. The result of this study is expected help the Government to manage shark fisheries in Indonesia.

Reliable and precise species identification is important to fisheries management and conservation. However, many rays and skates in Indonesia are currently being exploited and landed into traditional fish market without a proper identification. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify species of skates and stingrays that were landed and traded in three fish markets in Indonesia (Palabuhanratu, Muara Saban, and Lampung) using molecular techniques and to determine the conservation status of the identified species based on IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) as well as defined by CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species). The mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using a pair of primer, fish-BCL and fish-BCH. Of 29 tissue samples collected from the study sites, a total of five species were successfully identified: Dipturus chilensis (4), Himantura walga (1), Neotrygon kuhlii (11), Taeniura lymma (9) and Rhinoptera javanica (4). The Neighbor Joining phylogeny of mitochondrial lineages, based on partial COI gene sequences, the ingroup haplotypes were clustered into

This research is located at Sop Island, Sorong, West Papua. The data was collected using the Belt Transect method, stretching a line for 50 meters with a width of vision for 2.5 meters to the left and 2.5 meters to the right. The depth of the transect is 5 meters, recorded all genera from Family Fungiidae. Five genera were found on The Sop Island, namely Ctenactis, Fungia, Herpolitha, Polyphyllia, and Sandalolitha, but only Ctenactis, Fungia, and Sandalolitha were found on the three sites of observation. Fungia is the most abundant genera found at Sop Island. So, however, the study also found many unhealthy symptoms that infected Fungia. Of the three observation sites, six categories of unhealthy coral are found: Tissue Loss - non-predation - Coloured Band Disease, Tissue Discoloration - White, Tissue Discoloration non-white, Compromised Health Growth Anomalies, and Unknown. The most common categories infected with the Fungiidae at Sop Island are Tissue Loss - non-predation - Coloured Band Disease, Tissue Discoloration - White. Agonizingly, researchers found coral disease at every site.