Background: Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is gruesome disease which is endemic in many countries, with more than a billion people at risk of infection. In view with the global elimination, mass drug administration (MDA) with single dose of diethylcarbamazine tablets was carried out for the eligible population in Bidar district. Aims & Objective: This study was undertaken to assess coverage of MDA against Lymphatic Filariasis in Bidar district. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional coverage evaluation survey in one urban and three rural clusters were selected randomly in Bidar district. The data were collected in a pretested interview performa, computed and analyzed using SPSS-12.0 to calculate frequencies and proportions. Results: A total of four clusters in the districts resulted in a study population of 642 individuals. The overall compliance rate in Bidar district was 52.18%. The prime reason for noncompliance was fear of side effects, not received tablets and not present at home. Conclusion: There is an urgent need for more effective drug delivery strategies to improve the compliance in the district.
Background and Objectives: Epistaxis is one of the common symptoms encountered in the Otorhinolaryngology department. Many times the cause for epistaxis is not found on anterior and posterior rhinoscopy. The present study was undertaken to assess the role of rigid nasal endoscope in the diagnosis and treatment of epistaxis, where normal anterior and posterior rhinoscopy did not reveal any specific finding.Methods: Fifty patients with epistaxis were studied using rigid nasal endoscope under local anaesthesia. Patients who were above 15 years with nasal bleeding and who were willing for rigid nasal endoscopy were included in the study. Patients less than 15 years were not included in the study because nasal endoscopy was difficult in them under local anaesthesia. Only those patients in whom, the cause for epistaxis could not be made out on anterior and posterior rhinoscopy were chosen for the study, this was done in order to remove the bias for nasal endoscopy. Results:The use of the nasal endoscope allowed diagnosis of bleeding points and treating them directly. Epistaxis was more in male patients especially in the 3 rd and after the 5 th decade. On endoscopic examination,the bleeding points were identified as coming from the crevices of the lateral nasal wall, posterior spur on the septum, posterior deviation of the septum with ulcer, congested polyps, enlarged and congested adenoids, scabs or crusts in the crevices of the lateral nasal wall and angiofibroma. Endoscope also helps in the treatment of epistaxis, which includes endoscopic selective nasal packing using gelfoam, endoscopic cautery or diathermy and endoscopic polypectomy. Other patients with adenoids, scabs and crusts and angiofibroma were managed on their merits. Interpretation and Conclusion:Nasal endoscopy helps not only in the localisation of the bleeding point but also in the treatment of those bleeding areas that are situated in the posterior and lateral part of the nose.
Background: Animal bites cause a big burden in terms of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. These bites could be caused by rabid animals causing rabies. Annually about 59,000 persons die of rabies, of which 20,000 is from India alone. Rabies though 100% fatal is preventable with post-exposure prophylaxis which includes wound wash, anti-rabies vaccination (ARV) and rabies immunoglobulin. The objectives of the present study was to describe the demographic profile of animal bite cases and to assess the management practices of animal bite cases reporting to dedicated anti-rabies clinic (ARC) of a tertiary care hospital, Hassan, Karnataka.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from the inception of anti-rabies clinic (12th October 2017) to August 2018 among animal bite cases reported to ARC. They were interviewed by using a semi-structured, pre-designed and pre-tested proforma. Data regarding socio-demographic profile were collected from the animal bite victims. All the animal bite cases were managed as per WHO guidelines.Results: The total number of animal bite victims reported to ARC during the study period was 3500. Majority of the bite victims belonged to adult population (20-60 years). Majority were males (66.2%). 77% belonged to the rural population. Dogs (97.1%) were the most common biting animal. 79% of the bites were provoked. Turmeric powder was the most commonly used irritant. Most bites belonged to Category III (84%). Category I, II, III bites were managed appropriately according to WHO guidelines.Conclusions: Knowing the burden, socio-demographic characteristics and the management of animal bite victims in the dedicated ARC of HIMS has helped the programme officer in implementing the National Rabies Control Programme in Hassan district.
A careful pretransfusion testing and screening is significant, especially for transfusion-transmitting infections. [1] Hepatitis B is a major public health problem worldwide. Roughly, about 2 billion (30%) of the world's population present serological evidence of either a present or past infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV). [2] India is the second most populated country in the world. The Indian subcontinent is listed under intermediate HBV infection zone with 2%-7% of hepatitis B surface antigen (HbsAg) carriers. HBV occurs as the second most important cause of acute, subacute, and fulminant hepatitis in India. [3] The seroprevalence of HBsAg among blood donors is a major global and public health issue. HBV infection is one of the transfusion-transmissible infections; hence, it is essential to test all the blood donors for HBsAg. Serosurveys are Background: Hepatitis B infection is a serious global and public health problem. Hepatitis B is one among the transfusiontransmissible infections. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a DNA virus that causes acute and chronic liver diseases. Transmission of infection occurs through blood transfusion, needles, body fluids, and sexual intercourse. The clinical diagnosis of carrier state of HBV is commonly done by the detection of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in the serum.The prevalence of this infection differs across the globe. The preventive strategies can be accomplished by analyzing the trends in seroprevalence. Objective: To assess the seroprevalence of HBsAg among blood donors attending the blood bank of a tertiary-care hospital. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted at the blood bank of Hassan Institute of Medical Sciences (a tertiarycare hospital), Hassan, Karnataka, India. In this retrospective study, healthy blood donors, over a period of 3 years from 2011 to 2013, were assessed. The blood donors were categorized as voluntary and replacement donors. Blood samples from donors were subjected to serological tests for the detection of HBsAg through ELISA-based assay. Result: A total of 11,894 blood donors were studied. Seventy-four (0.62%) cases were positive, which comes under the "low prevalence (<2%) zone" as per World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. Male blood donors showed significantly higher seropositivity when compared with female donors. The c 2-test was used to calculate the significance of difference between the sex groups. Conclusion: This study endorses the fact that extensive screening through routine and specialized tests is mandatory, and definite criteria are to be given for the selection of donor to minimize the spread of HbsAg infection through transmission.
<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Paranasal sinus diseases are one of the commonest causes of patients visit to an otolaryngologist. The symptoms are multiple and vague, while examination is often limited as sinuses cannot be examined directly. The objective of the study was to compare the diagnostic nasal endoscopy and computerized tomography findings of paranasal sinus in diagnosing sino nasal disease.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A comparative study was conducted at Hassan Institute of Medical Sciences, Hassan for duration of one year from June 2017 to June 2018. All the patients attending the ENT OPD with sin nasal disease and who meets the inclusion criteria during the study periods were included in the study. A total of 100 Patients were included in the study and analyzed. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The most common diagnosis leading for diagnostic evaluation was chronic sinusitis. The septal deviation was best diagnosed using CT scan. CT scan was also found to effective and better than DNE in identifying the haziness in the sinus and checking the patency of sinus. DNE was found to better in identifying the secretion in the middle meatus.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Sino nasal disease in the adults needs to evaluate using DNE and CT scan before planning for the sino nasal surgeries. Both the diagnostic techniques have merits over the other, but CT scan can give better view and reports of the sinonasal diseases.</p>
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