ABSTRAKPenelitian tentang aspek biologi lobster pasir (Panulirus homarus) di perairan Tabanan dilakukan pada periode Maret -Desember 2013. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aspek biologi lobster pasir meliputi nisbah kelamin, sebaran panjang, kematangan kelamin, hubungan panjang berat dan faktor kondisi. Pengamatan dan pengukuran aspek biologi dilakukan di tempat pengumpul lobster dengan sistem sampling acak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nisbah kelamin lobster pasir berada pada keadaan seimbang. Hasil tangkapan lobster didominasi oleh lobster berusia muda dengan panjang karapas antara 47,5-52,5 mm. Pemijahan terjadi sepanjang tahun dan puncak musim pemijahan lobster pasir diduga terjadi pada bulan Oktober. Persamaan hubungan panjang dan berat lobster jantan adalah W = 0,0021 L 2,769 dan betina adalah W = 0,0016 L 2,841 . Sifat pertumbuhan lobster pasir adalah allometrik negatif. Faktor kondisi relatif rendah pada saat musim pemijahan dan semakin menurun seiring dengan bertambah panjangnya ukuran karapas lobster. Rata-rata ukuran lobster yang tertangkap lebih kecil dari ukuran matang kelamin. Oleh karena itu disarankan untuk menetapkan ukuran minimum yang boleh ditangkap yaitu diatas 68,52 mm. Tabanan KATA KUNCI: Parameter biologi, lobster pasir, perairan Tabanan ABSTRACT Research about biological aspects of scalloped spiny lobster (Panulirus homarus) was conducted in PENDAHULUANLobster pasir (Panulirus homarus) merupakan salah satu jenis lobster yang banyak ditemukan di periaran Indonesia, khususnya di perairan Samudera Hindia. Lobster ini digolongkan dalam kelompok lobster berduri (spiny lobster) yang di Indonesia dikenal dengan nama udang karang/udang barong karena pada umumnya banyak ditemukan di perairan karang. Udang karang atau lobster yang paling banyak di temukan di perairan Indonesia termasuk dalam famili Palinuridae dan genera Panulirus.Menurut Subani (1981), di perairan Indonesia terdapat 4 -7 jenis udang karang yang tersebar disepanjang perairan Samudera Hindia mulai dari perairan Aceh Barat sampai Nusa Tenggara. Jenis-jenis tersebut yaitu Panulirus ornatus, P. penicillatus, P. versicolor, P. longipes, P. homarus dan Scyllarides squammosus. Di perairan Aceh Barat terdapat 4 jenis lobster yang didominasi oleh jenis Panulirus homarus (Suman&Subani, 1993), di perairan selatan Jawa Barat dan Selat Sunda terdapat 3-5 jenis lobster (Iriana, 1978 dalam Subani, 1981, di perairan Pangandaran, Jawa Barat dan perairan Bima, Nusa Tenggara Barat terdapat 4 jenis lobster yang diusahakan
Study on the population dynamic of endeavour shrimp (Metapenaus ensis) was conducted in Binuangeun waters based on data collected during period of survey, January to November 2016. The purpose of the study was to identify population parameters of the endeavour shrimp. Result showed that the endeavor shrimp growth pattern in Binuangeun waters was negative allometric and sex ratio of males and females was 1.0 : 2.7. The chi square test indicated that comparison of male and female of the endeavour shrimp was significantly different. It mean that there was imbalance in number between males and females. The length at first capture (Lc) of endeavour shrimp was 28.9 mm (carapace length),smaller than the length at first maturity (Lm) at 37.7 mm (carapace length). The growth parameter of endeavour shrimp was 1.33/year with maximum carapace length (Loo) of 51.45 mm. Instantenous total mortality (Z) and natural mortality (M) were 7.74/year and 1.88/year, respectively. While fishing mortality (F) and exploitation rate (E) respectively were 5.86/year and 0.76/year. The exploitation rate of endeavour shrimp in Binuangeun and adjacent waters was high. It was, therefore, recommended that fishing effort of the endeavour shrimp in that waters should be reduced about 52 % in the next year.
ABSTRAKIkan kakap merah merupakan salah satu ikan demersal yang rentan terhadap penangkapan dan mempunyai pengaruh dalam keseimbangan ekosistem. Penelitian dilakukan pada Mei-Desember 2015. Pengambilan data sebanyak 669 ekor ikan kakap merah di wilayah pendaratan ikan Belitung yang termasuk dalam wilayah Laut Cina Selatan. Hasil analisis diperoleh beberapa parameter populasi ikan kakap merah (Lutjanus malabaricus) memiliki koefisien pertumbuhan (=K) sebesar 0,21 per tahun dan panjang asimtotik (=L") 86,10 cm. Laju mortalitas alami (=M) 0,49 pertahun dan mortalitas penangkapan (F) sebesar 0,59 per tahun, sehingga diperoleh nilai kematian total (=Z) 1,08 pertahun. Panjang pertama kali tertangkap (= Lc) sebesar 38,2 cmTL dan panjang pertama kali matang gonad (=Lm) 45,6 cmTL. Status tingkat pemanfaatan ikan kakap merah (=E) sebesar 0,55. Tingkat pemanfaatan ikan kakap sudah over exploited sebesar 9 persen dari kondisi optimum. KATA KUNCI: Pertumbuhan; tingkat pemanfaatan; Laut Cina SelatanABST RACT The red snapper as one of the demersal fish are prone to catching and have an influence on the balance of the ecosystem. The study was conducted in May-December 2015. Data collection of 669 red snapper fishes in the landing area of Belitung are included in the South China Sea region. The analysis obtained several population parameters of red snapper (Lutjanus malabaricus) has a coefficient of growth (= K) of 0.21 per year and asymptotic length (= L") 86.10 cm , The rate of natural mortality (= M) 0.49 arrests per year and mortality (F) of 0.59 per year, so that the value of total mortality (= Z) 1.08 per year. Length at first captured (= Lc) 38.2 cmTL and length at first maturity (= Lm) 45.6 cmTL. Status utilization rate of red snapper (= E) of 0.55. The utilization rate of snapper fish has been over exploited by 9 percent from the optimum conditions.
The high market demand for mud crabs (Scylla serrata) has caused intensive fishing for this resources and tended to threaten their sustainability. Studies of population characteristics are the main bases for formulating management measures for sustainable utilization. The purpose of this study was to determine the population characteristics of mud crabs in the waters of Kendari Bay and its surrounding waters. The study was conducted from January to November 2016 using survey method. The study results revealed that the mud crab growth pattern in Kendari Bay was negative allometric and that the ratio of males and females was imbalance. The length at first maturity (Lm) was at a carapace width of 109.8 mm. The growth rate (K) was 1.01 per year and the maximum carapace width (L) was 206 mm. The estimated total mortality rate (Z), fishing mortality rate (F), and natural mortality rate (M) were 3.20 per year, 2.17 per year, and 1.03 per year, respectively. The exploitation rate (E) was 0.68 per year. Therefore, the exploitation rate had reached 136%, which is categorized as overfishing. In order to ensure the sustainability of the mud crabs, there is needed to apply the precautionary approach, such as reducing fishing effort by 36% of the current situation.
The movements, and hence stock structures, of bigeye tuna, Thunnus obesus, and yellowfin tuna, Thunnus albacares, remain poorly defined despite their importance to food security, livelihoods and government revenue in many nations. We examined the parasite fauna of juvenile bigeye tuna and juvenile yellowfin tuna from areas within and outside Indonesia to determine how far they may have moved since metamorphosis and acquisition of a piscivorous diet. Patterns in parasite data between collection areas were consistent between the two tuna species. Fish from two outlier areas, Maldives and the Solomon Islands, harboured a distinct parasite fauna from those from adjacent Indonesian areas, although occasionally showed similarity with those from within the Indonesian archipelago. Within Indonesia, the parasite data indicated that few juvenile fish moved west from the Pacific Ocean into the archipelago and few moved west from the archipelago into the eastern Indian Ocean. While sampling of adult fish is required to fully resolve the stock structure of both tuna species, the results provide a necessary first-step in examining structuring of the two tuna species in Indonesia and indicate that juveniles of both species may have more restricted movement than is recognized in current management arrangements.
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