These studies demonstrate that significant performance improvement over the RC stimulation is obtained without additional testing or training samples to compensate for low P300 amplitude at high flash rate. We show that our proposed stimulation is more robust to reduced signal strength due to the increased flash rate than the RC stimulation.

An indoor localization method using multiple input, multiple output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) channel state information (CSI) is proposed as a method that can be implemented on wireless local area networks of a current standard without affecting their protocol structures and that does not require a training process for adaptation to indoor environments. In the proposed method, the CSI obtained by the MIMO-OFDM receivers of all access points upon successful reception of a data packet from a mobile terminal (MT) is processed in order to determine the location of the MT. The proposed method analyzes the multipath effect that appears in the CSI as multiple complex sinusoids by using the matrix pencil method in order to extract only terms that are contributed by direct paths from the MT to the access points. Localization is achieved using the direct-path terms on the basis of the maximum likelihood principle.

Wireless communication networks are increasingly based on the ubiquitous multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) modulation scheme. Their channel state information is generally obtained each time by a base station receiver as soon as a data packet is successfully received from a mobile device. As it has been shown recently that the MIMO-OFDM channel state information can be used for angle of arrival-based localization, this paper presents a theoretical investigation of the localization performance. The method of computing the Cramer-Rao lower bound, which represents the performance of a minimum variance unbiased estimator, is presented and then used for insightful investigation purposes by means of inspecting the viability of the system requirements and the design properties.

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This article presents a new technique for a transmit/receive (T/R) switch, which originally consists of p‐i‐n diodes and quarterwave lines. By using a reverse‐biased capacitance of the p‐i‐n diodes and additional inductive components, the conventional T/R switch can be made to incorporate a function of a bandpass filter. The filter response can be theoretically designed by configuring the inductance and capacitance values. In this article, an absorptive bandpass‐integrated p‐i‐n diode T/R switch is presented. It achieves a bandpass response at 2.5 GHz with a bandwidth of 450 MHz and an insertion loss of 2.3 dB. It offers high return loss and high isolation, 20 and 50 dB, respectively, and can tolerate power up to 20 W. This filter‐integrated switch could be used as a T/R switch for high power time division duplex systems such as WiMAX in the 2.3–2.7 GHz frequency band. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2705–2708, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27210

We investigate staircase codes, a class of high‐performance forward‐error‐correction codes for high‐rate transmission, and propose staircase codes with adaptive rates for time‐variant optical wireless channels. The variable‐rate staircase codes are used in a type‐II hybrid automatic repeat request framework such that throughput is maximised by avoiding retransmissions of the whole staircase blocks that initially—at high code rate—may not have been decoded successfully. These rate‐adaptive staircase codes employ at their core the standard Bose–Chaudhuri–Hochquenghem component codes, but they are concatenated with Reed–Solomon codes as extra components to implement burst‐error correction and rate‐adaptivity. Bit error performance and throughput of the rate‐adaptive staircase codes are investigated by analysis and confirmed with simulation. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.