Sandwich material can be used as the substitute for the ship conventional material. The core sandwich material used in this study consisted of a talk-resin-catalyst. The core mixture proportion is 90% resin and 10% talk. A thick steel plates is used as the face of the core sandwich material. Both experimental and numerical simulations are carried out to investigate the bending or flexural behavior of the proposed sandwich material. Three-point bending test has been carried out to determine the yield stress and maximum stress as well as the damage mechanism of the specimen up-to failure. From the investigation, the first failure process occurred at the mid-span as flexural cracks. As the load continue, these flexural cracks progressed until fully fracture of the core material take places. From the experimental investigation, it was found that the yield stress and maximum stress of the sandwich panel are 22.88 MPa and 28.63 MPa. On the other hand, numerical simulation is carried out using ABAQUS which has shown to be sufficient to predict the response of the sandwich-panel. However, a more sophisticated constitutive model is required to successfully model the experimental behavior in close agreement.
Peningkatan sektor pertahanan nasional merupakan suatu hal yang penting dalam mempertahankan kedaulatan suatu negara. Salah satu diantaranya adalah dengan membuat Alat Utama Sistem Pertahanan Negara (ALUTSISTA) berupa kapal perang yang memiliki kecepatan tinggi, maneuver dan kekuatan struktur yang bagus. Ketika terjadi interaksi antara struktur kapal dengan beban gelombang maka akan muncul suatu tegangan. Jika tegangan yang dihasilkan melebihi batas tegangan yang diijinkan maka akan membahayakan dan merusak struktur kapal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji desain lambung dan kekuatan struktur kapal untuk daerah operasional di perairan terbuka Indonesia yang memiliki tinggi rata-rata gelombang 3-5 m dan menurut standar Germanischer Lloyd (GL) dengan tinggi rata-rata gelombang 6 m. Pembahasan dititikberatkan pada analisis gerakan kapal untuk mengetahui kekuatan struktur kapal akibat adanya beban gelombang. Analisis dilakukan dengan melakukan pemodelan numerik dengan metode panel. Skenario divariasikan berdasarkan sudut hadap 90 0 , 135 0 , 180 0 dan tinggi gelombang signifikan 3, 4, 5 dan 6 m. Dari hasil simulasi didapatkan besar gaya lintang maksimal pada gerakan heaving dan momen lengkung maksimal pada gerakan pitching yang terjadi pada midship section ketika tinggi gelombang 6 m dan sudut hadap 180 0. Tegangan terbesar kapal terjadi ketika kondisi sagging dan hogging maksimal yang terletak pada midship section frame 88 sebesar 231,89 N/mm 2 dan memenuhi persyaratan tegangan izin berdasarkan GL rules. Kata kunci-beban gelombang, struktur kapal, sudut hadap, tegangan, tinggi gelombang
Plastic waste is generally discarded in waters from the river that will eventually empty into the sea and directly discharged into the high seas as happened in the village of Pesisir Besuki, Situbondo district. The problems faced by partners are the lack of public awareness of the short-term and long-term impact of waste disposal activities in the waters and poor management of waste management. So that required waste socialization that include the guidance in environmentally friendly waste management and able to increase awareness of coastal communities to care for the environment. This community dedication use socialization as method with questionnaire before and after activity. The results obtained after the activities carried out are increasing the insight of the people of the Pesisir Village, Besuki District and increasing awareness of the environment so that they are trying to manage the waste they produce independently. According to the questionnaires result, before socialization waste management in Besuki Coastal Region has percentage 73% citizen throw their wastes in the sea or/and the river, 27% has been burned, and 0% in temporary garbage disposal. After socialization, it became 13% throw their waste in the sea or/and the rever, 7% in temporary garbage disposal, and 80% choose to burn their wastes. Generally, they does not have the basic knowledge about marine debris impact with percentage up to 80% and the citizen who know about the knowledge is 20%. Their interest about self waste management is 33%. But after socialization, it became 67% for their interest. Keywords : Waste socialization, Waste Management, Environmental Care
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