Background and Aims:
Patients undergoing breast cancer surgeries face significant post-operative pain. We aimed to compare pectoral nerve (PECS) block with erector spinae (ESP) block in these patients in terms of analgesic efficacy and adverse effects.
Methods:
Sixty four American Society of Anesthesiologists' status I and II female patients between age 18 to 60 years scheduled for unilateral modified radical mastectomy (MRM) under general anaesthesia, were enrolled in this prospective randomised study. Patients in group I received ultrasound guided (USG) ESP block (20 cc 0.2% ropivacaine) while group II received USG guided PECS II block (25 cc 0.2% ropivacaine). General anaesthesia was administered in a standardised manner to both the groups. The various parameters observed included sensory blockade, duration of analgesia and any adverse effects. The primary outcome was the total morphine consumption in 24 hours.
Results:
The total morphine consumption in 24 hours was less in group II (4.40 ± 0.94 mg), compared to group I (6.59 ± 1.35 mg;
P
= 0.000). The mean duration of analgesia in patients of group II was 7.26 ± 0.69 hours while that in the group I was 5.87 ± 1. 47 hours (
P
value = 0.001). 26 patients in group II (PECS) had blockade of T2 as compared to only 10 patients in group I. (
P
value = 0.00). There was no incidence of adverse effects in either group.
Conclusion:
PECS II block is a more effective block when compared to ESP block in patients of MRM in terms of postoperative analgesia and opioid consumption.
Background: Non malignant tracheo-esophageal fistula is a rare entity, which is usually post traumatic, post inflammatory or could be a delayed presentation of congenital tracheo-esophageal fistula.Patients and Methods: In this retrospective study of seven cases, we aim to document and evaluate the causes, presentation and treatment modalities.
HighlightsInflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, most common involvement is seen in the lungs, but in this case liver gallbladder, pylorus, 1st part of duodenum was involved.Most specific feature of IMTs, whose main cell type is myofibroblasts, is the ability to mimic malignancy.Surgery is the main treatment.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.