We report a neural network model for predicting the electromagnetic response of mesoscale metamaterials as well as generate design parameters for a desired spectral behavior. Our approach entails treating spectral data as time-varying sequences and the inverse problem as a single-input multiple output model, thereby compelling the network architecture to learn the geometry of the metamaterial designs from the spectral data in lieu of abstract features.
We apply a modified variational autoencoder (VAE) regressor for inversely retrieving the topological parameters of the building blocks of plasmonic composites for generating structural colors as per requirement. We demonstrate results of a comparison study between inverse models based on generative VAEs as well as conventional tandem networks that have been favored traditionally. We describe our strategy for improving the performance of our model by filtering the simulated dataset prior to training. The VAE- based inverse model links the electromagnetic response expressed as the structural color to the geometrical dimensions from the latent space using a multilayer perceptron regressor and shows better accuracy over a conventional tandem inverse model.
We describe an LSTM-based autoencoder for inversely designing an achromatic metalens comprised of cylindrical unit cells. The training data for our model has phase and transmission values corresponding to the heights and radii of each meta-unit. We use multiple data sequences (phase and transmission) to train the model and a multi-output model framework. The autoencoder is trained for 2500 iterations using the Adam optimizer with a learning rate of 0.001 and is subsequently used for inversely predicting the meta-unit dimensions at each radial position of the lens. Our model is validated via simulations as well as experiments.
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