Community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in India and worldwide. Evidence indicates that Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and atypical bacteria are encountered with near-equal frequency. Despite guideline recommendations and antibiotic options for the management of CABP, burden of morbidity and mortality is high, which is attributable to a variety of factors. Failure of empirical therapy, probably because of insufficient microbial coverage, increasing bacterial resistance, and adverse effects of existing treatments, underlies the unsuccessful treatment of CABP, especially in India. Multiple novel therapies that have entered clinical development phases have potential to address some of these issues. This article discusses the current treatment guidelines in CABP, management limitations, and emerging potential treatment options in the management of CABP.
BACKGROUND: Tetracycline, talc, bleomycin have been proved to be effective in recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax and malignant pleural effusion. Recent studies have shown the efficacy of 10% betadine in pluerodesis. OBJECTIVE: The study was conducted in S.V.S. Medical College, Mahbubnagar Dist., Telengana during the period of May 2013 to February 2015 to find out the success rate of 10% betadine in pleurodesis in patients with recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax and malignant pleural effusions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with malignant pleural effusion and recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax were taken into consideration. 10% betadine with xylocaine was used in this study. RESULTS: Totally 26 patients underwent pleurodesis. 18 patients had malignant pleural effusion and 8 patients had recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax. Out of 26 patients, 23 patients had successful pleurodesis 88.5%16 out of 18 patients 88.9% with malignant pleural effusion had successful pleurodesis and 7 out of 8 patients 87.5% with recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax had successful pleurodesis. CONCLUSION: In our observation, we have seen that pleurodesis with 10 % betadine is very effective and inexpensive in pleurodesis without much complications.
<p>Rosai-Dorfman’s disease also known as sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML) is characterized by distorted lymph node architecture with marked dilation of lymphatic sinuses occupied by numerous lymphocytes, as well as histiocytes with vesicular nucleus and abundant clear cytoplasm with phagocytized lymphocytes or plasma cells, also known as ‘emperipolesis’. This disease of unknown etiology progresses with a benign prognosis strictly and only when an early diagnosis and treatment is made. A late diagnosis and a generalized lymph node involvement contribute to a poor prognosis. We reported a case of a 29-year-old Indian female with a 4-month history of painful unilateral cervical mass and low-grade fever with the final diagnosis of Rosai-Dorfman disease. The final diagnosis was made by fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy of the cervical lymph node. In conclusion, FNA biopsy can be enough to make the diagnosis in most cases due to the distinct cytological features of SHML, thereby avoiding more invasive approaches that potentially are unnecessary.</p>
Trovafloxacin is well tolerated and effective in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections in a dosage of 200mg daily. It was observed that the efficacy and tolerability of trovafloxacin is comparable to that of sparfloxacin (200mg daily, with a loading dose of 400mg on the first day) in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections. However, further studies are needed to confirm this.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.