Reducing global emissions will require a global cosmopolitan culture built from detailed attention to conflicting national climate change frames (interpretations) in media discourse. The authors analyze the global field of media climate change discourse using 17 diverse cases and 131 frames. They find four main conflicting dimensions of difference: validity of climate science, scale of ecological risk, scale of climate politics, and support for mitigation policy. These dimensions yield four clusters of cases producing a fractured global field. Positive values on the dimensions show modest association with emissions reductions. Data-mining media research is needed to determine trends in this global field.
National climate policies are shaped by international organizations (IOs) and global norms. Drawing from World Society Theory and the Advocacy Coalition Framework, we develop two related arguments: (1) one way in which IOs can influence national climate policy is through their engagement in mass-mediated national policy debates and (2) national organizations involved in the policy process may form advocacy coalitions to support or oppose the norms promoted by IOs. To examine the role of IOs in national policy debates and the coalitions that support and oppose them, we use discourse network analysis on over 3500 statements in eleven newspapers in Canada, United States, Brazil and India. We find that in the high-income countries where greenhouse gas emissions are high (Canada and the US), IOs are less central in the policy debates and the discourse network is strongly clustered into competing advocacy coalitions. In the low emitting countries (Brazil and India) IOs are more central and the discourse network is less clustered. Relating these findings to earlier research leads us to suggest that the differences we find between high and low emitting countries may be to some extent generalizable to these country groups beyond our four cases.
The article examines the media discourse of risk and stigma which developed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in India, employing the theoretical frameworks of Mary Douglas and Erving Goffman. Accessing the Factiva database archive, the authors analysed a total of 139 stigma-linked media reports, using the Discourse Network Analyzer (DNA) to identify thematic groups of beliefs and related actors contributing to the risk discourse on the contagion. The results exhibit a clear difference in opinion on various stigma-related beliefs among the individuals diagnosed or assumed susceptible to COVID-19, including the issue of disclosing identities. In India, domestic actors have dominated the media discourse, particularly national government agencies, rather than intergovernmental organisations or foreign governments. The media content analysis in this article shows that new hierarchies have emerged based on confirmed or suspected contact with the disease along with reinforcement of traditional myths and superstitions, leading to discrimination against the quarantined individuals, their families, healthcare staff and socially marginalised communities.
This paper aims to capture the pattern of collaboration operating in the field of rice crop research in India. The present study employs both bibliometric techniques as well as social network analysis to analyze the publication output indexed by Scopus database in rice crop research during 1995-2014. The study finds that Indian rice scientists prioritize collaborative research practices. Indian rice scientists demonstrate a preference for mega-authored publications. The increasing trend in the mean values of Degree of Collaboration, Collaboration Coefficient and Modified Collaboration Coefficient indicate that the proportion of multi-or mega-authored papers are accelerating steadily. Moreover, the increase in international collaboration indices manifests that the rice scientists in India have been gradually broadening the ambit of research collaboration to cope with the pace, scope and profoundness of transformations at the global level. The social network analysis of agencies reveals that the State Agricultural Universities, Indian Council of Agricultural Research and International Institutes have emerged as core collaborators in the field of rice crop research. Moreover, weak collaboration profile of industry indicates that although rice crop research has shifted from 'Mode 1' to 'Mode 2' form of knowledge production but its optimization is yet to be realized.
This paper argues that periodic waves of crowding-in to 'hot' issue fields are a recurring feature of how globally networked civil society organizations operate, especially in countries of the Global South. We elaborate on this argument through a study of Indian civil society mobilization around climate change. Five key mechanisms contribute to crowding-in processes: (1) the expansion of discursive opportunities; (2) the event effects of global climate change conferences; (3) the network effects created by expanding global civil society networks; (4) the adoption and innovation of action repertoires; and (5) global pressure effects creating new opportunities for civil society. Our findings contribute to the world society literature, with an account of the social mechanisms through which global institutions and political events affect national civil societies, and to the social movements literature by showing that developments in world society are essential contributors to national mobilization processes.
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