Background and ObjectivesThe auditory profile of a large number of persons with late onset auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) is recently described in the Indian context. The purpose of study was 1) to profile data on routine audiological parameters, cortical evoked potentials, and temporal processing, 2) to analyze the benefit from hearing aids for persons with ANSD, and 3) to understand the association between benefit from hearing aids and auditory profile.Subjects and MethodsThirty-eight adults with late onset ANSD and a matched group of 40 normally hearing adults participated in the study. Basic audiological tests, recording of cortical evoked potentials, and temporal processing tests were carried out on both groups of participant while only persons with ANSD were fitted with hearing aid.ResultsSubjects in the two groups were significantly different on all the audiological parameters. ANSD group seemed to benefit from hearing aids variably. The mean amplitude of N2 was significantly different between normally-hearing participants and patients with ANSD.ConclusionsResidual temporal processing, particularly amplitude modulation detection seems to be associated with benefit from hearing aids in patients with ANSD.
OBJECTIVE:The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between cortical processing of speech and benefit from hearing aids in individuals with auditory dys-synchrony.
MATERIALS and METHODS:Data were collected from 38 individuals with auditory dys-synchrony. Participants were selected based on hearing thresholds, middle ear reflexes, otoacoustic emissions, and auditory brain stem responses. Cortical-evoked potentials were recorded for click and speech. Participants with auditory dys-synchrony were fitted with bilateral multichannel wide dynamic range compression hearing aids. Aided and unaided speech identification scores for 40 words were obtained for each participant.
RESULTS:Hierarchical cluster analysis using Ward's method clearly showed four subgroups of participants with auditory dys-synchrony based on the hearing aid benefit score (aided minus unaided speech identification score). The difference in the mean aided and unaided speech identification scores was significantly different in participants with auditory dys-synchrony. However, the mean unaided speech identification scores were not significantly different between the four subgroups. The N2 amplitude and P1 latency of the speech-evoked cortical potentials were significantly different between the four subgroups formed based on hearing aid benefit scores.
CONCLUSION:The results indicated that subgroups of individuals with auditory dys-synchrony who benefit from hearing aids exist. Individuals who benefitted from hearing aids showed decreased N2 amplitudes compared with those who did not. N2 amplitude is associated with greater suppression of background noise while processing speech.
The central vestibular compensation reduces vestibular symptoms and helps individuals improve balance affected by vestibular dysfunction. The video head impulse test provides an opportunity to study central vestibular compensation objectively. This study aims to methodically present existing information about the video head impulse test as a measure to evaluate central vestibular compensation in patients with unilateral vestibular dysfunction. Literature review comprised 12 research articles selected based on pre-set criteria and timeline (January 2010 to June 2020). The findings indicate that the appropriate video head impulse test measures to evaluate central vestibular compensation after the occurrence of temporary unilateral vestibular dysfunction are the improvement in vestibulo-ocular reflex gain. And, for permanent unilateral vestibular dysfunction are reduction in catch-up saccades percentage, velocity, amplitude, latency, and Perez and Rey score.
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