Introduction Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common disease of the lungs known as the third reason for death worldwide. Frequent COPD exacerbations compel health care workers to apply interventions that are not adverse effect free. Accordingly, adding or replacing Curcumin, a natural meal flavoring, may indicate advantages in this era by its antiproliferative and anti‐inflammatory effects. Methods The PRISMA checklist was employed for the systematic review study. On June 3, 2022, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for studies associated with COPD and Curcumin in the last 10 years. Duplicate or non‐English publications and articles with irrelevant titles and abstracts were excluded. Also, preprints, reviews, short communications, editorials, letters to the editor, comments, conference abstracts, and conference papers were not included. Results Overall, 4288 publications were found eligible, after the screening, 9 articles were finally included. Among them, one, four, and four in vitro, in vivo, and both in vivo and in vitro research exist respectively. According to the investigations, Curcumin can inhibit alveolar epithelial thickness and proliferation, lessen the inflammatory response, remodel the airway, produce ROS, alleviate airway inflammation, hinder emphysema and prevent ischemic complications. Conclusion Consequently, the findings of the current review demonstrate that Curcumin's modulatory effects on oxidative stress, cell viability, and gene expression could be helpful in COPD management. However, for data confirmation, further randomized clinical trials are required.
Background: Gliomas possess low immunogenicity, which is an inevitable hinder in front of cancer immunotherapy. Different interferons (IFNs) may proceed apoptosis instead in p53-dependent or independent pathways. P53 induces the anti-inflammatory programmed cell death in cancer cells; on the other hand, IFN gamma (IFNγ) is a modulatory/pro-inflammatory cytokine. There are contradictory reports of whether this cytokine can possess an anti- or pro-cancerous impact on tumors. Hence, we aimed to investigate the possible cooperative apoptotic effect of the P53 and IFNγ over expressions on the U87 glioblastoma cell line. Materials and Methods: The P53 expressing vector was amplified by Escherichia coli BL21. This vector was confirmed by the aid of sequencing. At the next step, U87 cells were transfected using lipofectamine. Cells were treated with P53 vector and/or IFNγ. The type of cellular death investigated by flow cytometry and the expression level of cleaved caspase-3 protein was also precisely demonstrated by western blotting. Results: Sequencing results revealed that inserted P53 was identical with human P53. Western blot results revealed that both IFNγ and P53 overexpression could up-regulate cleaved caspase-3 protein expression in this cell line. Interestingly, flow cytometry data determined that concurrent treatment with P53 exogenous overexpression and IFNγ induces about 70% apoptosis in U87; more than the sum of cell death occurs after IFNγ or P53 overexpression alone (~18%+21%=39%). Conclusion: The present study results showed that p53-overexpression and IFNγ could ultimately induce up-regulation of the caspase-3 and ultimately significant apoptosis increasing in the U87 cell line. Although IFNγ is believed to be a pro-inflammatory cytokine and P53 is an anti-inflammatory agent, our results demonstrated that they could act synergistically to induce apoptosis in U87 cells. [GMJ.2021;10:e2270]
The development of the molar surface in post-embryonic stages of Artemia urmiana and A. parthenogenetica was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Cysts of both species have been collected from Urmia Lake, Iran, and its adjacent lagoons and were hatched and raised under laboratory conditions. The cuticular teeth on the molar surface appeared in stage L9 in A. urmiana but at L3 in A. parthenogenetica. While the appearance and development of the molar surface of those species were different during metanaupliar and post-metanaupliar stages, the morphology was similar in post-larval stages. Thus, these species can be distinguished based on the morphology of the molar surface and by the appearance of adult characteristics, all readily apparent in early phases of their respective life cycles. RÉSUMÉLe développement de la surface molaire chez les stades post-embryonnaires d'Artemia urmiana et d'A. parthenogenetica a été étudié en microscopie électronique à balayage (SEM). Les oeufs de durée des deux espèces ont été collectés dans le lac Urmia en Iran et ses lagunes adjacentes, et ont été mis à éclore puis les jeunes élevés en laboratoire. Les dents cuticulaires de la surface molaire sont apparues au stade L9 chez A. urmiana, mais au stade L3 chez A. parthenogenetica. Alors que l'apparition et le développement de la surface molaire de ces espèces étaient différents au cours des stades métanaupliens et post-métanaupliens, la morphologie était identique chez les stades postlarvaires. Ainsi, ces espèces peuvent être distinguées par la morphologie de la surface molaire et par l'apparition des caractéristiques adultes, toutes facilement à observer dans les premières phases de leurs cycles de vie respectifs.
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