BackgroundTo comparatively evaluate the esthetic improvement of white-spot lesions (WSLs) treated by: BiominF, CPP-ACP paste with fluoride & ICON resin infiltration, using Spectrophotometer & Diagnodent.Material and MethodsThe study was done using 72 sound permanent extracted premolars, divided into four groups (18 teeth per group). After taking the ethical approval the study was commenced. WSLs were created on human premolars and randomly assigned to four groups: Group A: Artificial Saliva, Group B: CPP-ACP with fluoride, Group C: BiominF, Group D: Resin infiltration (Icon). The color change (∆E) of each specimen was measured with a Spectrophotometer (VITA Easy Shade Compact), and fluorescence loss (∆Q) was measured by a laser fluorescence device (DIAGNOdent, Kavo, Biberach, Germany), at different time points after treatment: baseline (0 weeks), 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 6 weeks.ResultsThe ∆E and ∆Q baseline values for the four groups before the treatments did not differ significantly. Icon treatment improved the WSL color significantly and gave the lowest ∆E (5.12± 3.92) & ∆Q (1.64 ±0.72) compared with other treatments at end of 6 weeks (P< .01). In the BiominF and CPP-ACP with fluoride treatment groups, ∆Q & ∆E showed significant recovery compared with the baseline values (P< .05).ConclusionsWithin the limitations of the study, it can be concluded that all the three remineralizing agents used in the study could effectively remineralize artificial enamel caries and showed improvement in color change and fluoresence as compared to the baseline. Therefore they can be effectively used for the treatment of the white spot lesions. Key words:White spot lesions(WSL), Resin infiltration (ICON), BiominF, CPP-ACP with fluoride.

A bstract Aim This study aimed to study the intensity and duration of patients’ pain perception after placement of elastomeric separators and the effects of various methods to reduce the pain. Materials and methods Elastomeric separators were placed on either side of first molars in 120 patients which were divided into 4 groups. Patients in group I were control group, group II underwent low-level LASER therapy, group III were subjected to topical anesthetic gel, and group IV underwent TENS (transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation). And then they were asked to measure pain using a visual analog scale (VAS) at 5 intervals of time, i.e., immediately after separator placement, after day 1, day 2, day 3, and day 4. Results Turkey's post hoc test showed that pain score after immediate placement of separators was found to be the least in the anesthetic gel than that in other groups and pain score was least in the LASER group out of all four groups on day 1, 2, 3, and 4. Conclusion It was found that low-level LASER therapy was more effective in reducing pain after placement of elastomeric separators. How to cite this article Oza MJ, Desai H, Iyengar SS, et al. Comparative Study of Effects of LASER, TENS, and Anesthetic Gel for Controlling Pain after Placement of Elastomeric Separators: A Clinical Trial. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2020;13(S-1):S82–S86.

The advent of dentin adhesive technology in endodontics has made monoblock a well known concept in endodontics. However it has created many controversies on whether monoblock would reinforce the roots and provide a superior coronal seal.In this review, attempts have been made to understand monoblock in a broader aspect and understand how the monoblock concept can be applied to the materials used till date which rehabilitates the root canal space. The potential of currently available bondable materials to achieve mechanically homogeneous units with root dentin is then discussed in relation to the classical concept in which the term monoblock was first employed in restorative dentistry and subsequently in endodontics.

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Background: Cervical spine is the upper most vertebral segment which is responsible for the weight transmissio n of head and brain, the cervical spine is divided into the upper and lower part. Any dysfunction to the cervical spine may lead to the misalignment to the vertebra commonly upper cervical joint complex. Many vital structures travels or passes through the cervical spine/ cervical vertebra / upper cervical joint complex, vertebral artery is the one of the impo rtant structure pass through it. There is a close relationship between the upper cervical (sympathetic) ganglion and C 1-C 2 spinal nerve, any pathological changes or dysfunction of the cervical spine including degeneration of the both disc and vertebra can cause sympathetic nerve irritation which lead to sympathetic symptoms. It may affect the hearing abilit y. The Aim of the study was to investigate the effects of SNAGS techniques on hearing ability among the patients with upper cervical dysfunction. Methodology: 62 subjects participated in the study. Hearing frequency was taken as an outcome measure which was recorded with u-Hearing audiometery app (Pure tone audiometery) prior to SNAGS techniques is given to the patients C 1-C 2 vertebra to the side it was stuck. The hearing frequency was compared with the post intervention hearing frequency. Data was analyzed using graph pad method. Descriptive statistics was used to summarize the variable. The paired t-test was done to see the effects of intervention on hearing abilit y /hearing frequency in our study population.

The main aim of this case report was to report the clinical efficacy of decompression for treating large periapical lesions. Tooth with large periapical cystic lesions were treated with decompression after root canal treatment. A conventional decompression technique such as aspiration/irrigation technique was used in this case. An 18-G needle with a syringe was used to aspirate the cystic lesion. Two needles were then inserted into the lesion copious saline irrigation was delivered from 1 needle and until clear saline was expressed from the other. Complete enucleation and root-end surgery was not done in the case. Healed lesions or lesions in healing were observed after 14 months. On the basis of the presented case and published case reports regarding large periapical cystic lesions, conservative decompression may be used for certain cases before or in lieu of apical surgery. Decompression enables healing of large, persistent periapical lesions after root canal treatment.

Background: To determine the extent of tobacco use and knowledge of its harmful consequences among the rural population of District Rewari, Haryana.Methods:A cross-sectional study was done in the month of November 2021. A total 600 participants were interviewed using a pre-designed questionnaire for data collection.Results: 23.3% of population consuming tobacco, with male population has highest tobacco consumption (84.97%). Tobacco consumption is in form of Bidi and Hookah (85.1%). People who tried quitting tobacco restarted due to withdrawal symptoms (64.3%), peer pressure (24.2%), and 11.5% due to other factors like stress, gastric problems. 29.5% females and 25.3% males find tobacco as the main cause of oral cancer. 94% of people consuming tobacco were aware about its ill-effects. 14.37% recognized swelling and ulcers, 3.27% red and white lesion, 1.64% hoarseness of voice as main symptoms of oral cancer, while, 76.8% didn’t recognize any. 84.8% were never educated about causes, and early signs and symptoms of oral cancer by any healthcare professional, But the majority knows the ill effects of tobacco through advertisements and social media.Conclusions: Although tobacco consumption has decreased so far even in the villages, people are still unaware of the risks associated with smoking, and those who wish to stop can’t, due to lack of any professional help. New programs should be implemented like organizing awareness camps. Strictly banning the advertisements and marketing of tobacco products is the most necessary step in eliminating it from our society completely.

Background: Aim of the study is to assess the awareness regarding general oral hygiene practices amongst the adult rural population of district Rewari, with the objective to collect the baseline data about the level of awareness regarding oral hygiene amongst the adult rural population of district Rewari, Haryana and help policymakers implement new programs to improve the general health of individuals.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Rewari district in November 2021. 600 participants were interviewed, data were analyzed using a statistical package for the social science (SPSS) version 21.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). The frequency distribution tables were prepared to present overall and subgroups data. Categorical variables were compared using the Chi-square test. If the expected frequency is less than 5, Fisher’s exact test was used. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: There were 52.8% females and 47.2% of males who were interviewed, 97.3% of participants clean their oral cavity. Around 76.1% of population uses brush and 12.1% of participants uses datun. Majority of participants recognized the fact that oral health is important for general health.Conclusions: Even in the year 2022, there is still lack in appropriate oral health awareness even among the educated group of the society. therefore, new programs should be implemented like camps and health talks to improve oral health of an individual in rural areas of the developing countries to educate and spread knowledge of proper dental care.