This current research aimed at identifying the morphological and anatomical structures of Pluchea indica, specifically in root, stem, leaf, and flower of its. A descriptive approach was applied to this research and was conducted at Biology Laboratory of University of Muhammadiyah Malang from July to August 2019. The identification of morphological structure, furthermore, was focused on the characteristics of root, stem, leaf, and flower organ. In addition, the identification of anatomical structure was through a transverse incision in each organ by means of fresh preparation, safranin coloration, and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The collected data were analyzed descriptively and quantitatively. The identification of morphological structure in the organs was referred to a book entitled Morfologi Tumbuhan (Plant Morphology) by Tjitrosoepomo (2007); while the anatomical identification was referring to a book of Anatomi Tumbuhan (Plant Anatomy) by Fahn (1995). The result of the identification has indicated that Pluchea indica possesses the following morphological characteristics: 1) the leaves are light green, with trichomes in their upper and lower sides; 2) the length of branches signifies 1 cm in average, located at crisscrossing points and in a form of abovatus; 3) the tip of the leaves (apex folli) is sharp-formed (acanthus), with serrated pattern at the edge of the leaves (margo folli); 3) the base of the leaves (basic folli) is blunted (obsitus) and the structure of the leaf bones (nervatio) is pinnate-formed (penninervis), with oval-shaped leaf blades and parchment-like intervenium; and 4) the stem is in a round form with monopodial branches, taproot, and capitulum inflorescent. Further, with the reference to the anatomical structure of the stem and root, there have been found epidermal tissue, cortex, xylem and phloem, sclerenchyma, and pith. The modification on stomatal epidermis is in a form of kidney with two buffer cells of 13.6 μm in length and 9.82μm in width. Meanwhile, the porous length and width consecutively signify 9.02 μm and 1.32 μm, with glandular trichomes of 551 μm long in average and 39.6 μm wide in average.

Ginger is one of the plants that is rich with phenolic compounds. This research was aimed at determination of the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity in the rhizome of ginger. However, there is only few information available about the comparison of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity in the three varieties of ginger. This research employs a descriptive quantitative research using extracted dried gingers on two types of extraction processes, i.e. infusion and decoction. The phenolic compound analysis is conducted by using the Folin-C method, while antioxidant activity was conducted by using DPPH and measured by using Spectrophotometer. Based on ANOVA test result, the highest phenolic was red ginger 12.2533 mg GAE/g (infusion) and 22.9767 mg GAE/g (decoction) followed by emprit and elephant ginger. The highest antioxidant activity by infusion process was found in red ginger of 79.83 % followed by 70.43 % and 61.70% in emprit ginger and elephant ginger. Conversely, the highest antioxidant activity by decoction was found 78.76 % in emprit ginger, followed by 70.56 % and 60.93% for red ginger and elephant ginger. Ginger have sufficient antioxidant activity on extraction by infusion or decoction and the red ginger have a higher phenolic content.

Misconception is one of the main problems in biology education which has the potential to increase when course is packaged in a e-learning. This study aimed to map the level of the biochemistry concept accuracy of students who take online biochemistry lectures. This quantitative research involved Biology Education students, FKIP UMM as research subjects. Online lectures were conducted for ten meetings using ELMU UMM. At the 11st meeting, a concept accuracy test was carried out. The data were then analyzed using descriptive statistics. The result, 64% of students have a low level of concept accuracy, 14% moderate, and 0% good. Therefore, online learning packaging needs to be optimized so that the percentage accuracy of the biochemical concepts of students is maximized.

ABSTRAKLesson study merupakan pembinaan profesi melalui pengkajian pembelajaran yang dilakukan secara kolegial kolaboratif dan berkelanjutan dalam rangka meningkatkan kualitas proses dan hasil belajar. Hasil akhir yang diharapkan dalam pembelajaran adalah peningkatan dan keseimbangan antara kemampuan soft skills dan hard skills peserta didik yang meliputi aspek kompetensi sikap, keterampilan, dan pengetahuan. Matakuliah genetika lanjut bertujuan agar mahasiswa mampu menganalisis materi genetik, sintesa protein, hereditas pada manusia, mutasi, genetika populasi dalam pendekatan molekuler, terampil membuat contoh, model serta mendemonstrasikan model simulasi karakter, proses kerja materi genetik dan mutasi. Proses pembelajaran pada matakuliah genetika lanjut dilakukan dengan menggunakan diskusi kelompok. Penerapan pendekatan molekuler dalam pembelajaran genetika lanjut bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran konkrit terhadap konsep genetika yang bersifat abstrak, sehingga mahasiswa mampu berpikir hingga tingkat yang paling kecil. Kendala yang sering muncul dalam pembelajaran adalah masih rendahnya minat baca mahasiswa. Hal ini tampak dari kecenderungan mahasiswa merujuk hanya pada satu sumber bacaan yang berbahasa Indonesia. Hasil yang diperoleh dari implementasi lesson study ini adalah meningkatnya hasil belajar kognitif mahasiswa menjadi 80.91% dengan keterlaksanaan lesson study sebesar 91.04%, serta terciptanya 25 karya tulis ilmiah oleh mahasiswa sebagai best-practices pembelajaran implementasi lesson study pada matakuliah genetika lanjut. Kata Kunci :pembelajaran berbasis lesson study, genetika lanjut, karya tulis ilmiah ABSTRACTLesson study is an assessment of the profession coaching through learning by collegially and collaboratively in order to improve the process quality and learning outcomes. Final results are expected to have an increase and balance between the soft skills and hard skills of the learners that includes the aspects of competence like attitudes, skills and knowledge. The course aims to make the students to be more capable on analyzing genetic material, protein synthesis, heredity in human, mutations, genetics population inmolecular approach, skillfull in making examples, becoming a model and demonstrating the character simulation, processes and mutation of genetic material. The learning process in the subject of genetics is further conducted by using focus groups. The application of molecular approaches in learning genetics aims to provide a concrete illustration on the abstract concept of genetics, so that students are able to think at the smallest level. The obstacles often arised in learning is low motivation in reading by the students. The evidence can be found from the tendency of students to refer on only one source of reading in Bahasa Indonesia. The results obtained from the implementation of lesson study is the increased cognitive achievement of students to be 80.91% with adherence to lesson study by 91.04%, and the publication of 25 scientific papers written by the students as the im...

ABSTRACT

The COVID-19 pandemic has turned face-to-face learning into distance learning using online media. Educational institutions strive to provide a system to meet students' needs in conducting distance learning using online media. Educational institutions also try to familiarize teachers and students with using online media in the learning process. Educators and students can utilize distance learning media in Whatsapp groups and google meetings to carry out the learning process. This study aims to determine whether there are differences in student biology learning outcomes between the experimental class I learning using WhatsApp group and the practical class II learning using google meetings. This type of research is a quasi-experimental design with a posttest-only control design. The study population was all class X MIPA (mathematics and science) Public Senior High School 02 Batu (There are five classes). The sampling technique used purposive sampling. The experimental class I was class X MIPA 4 with 28 students and the practical class II was class X MIPA 5 with 28 students. Descriptive and inferential statistical data analysis techniques using Ms. Excell and the Independent Sample T-Test (SPSS Statistics 17.0). This study indicates that there is a difference in the average learning outcomes of students between experimental class I (74.75) who carry out learning using WhatsApp group and experimental class II (64.75) who carry out learning using google meetings. In conclusion, learning using the WhatsApp group is better.

Cardiovascular disease still one of the highest death factor in Indonesia. Ginger as an anti-atherosclerosis could be one of the alternatives that is being developed to decrease the cardiovascular disease. The general aims of this research were determining the mechanism of ginger as anti-atherosclerosis to decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease. Research design used was “The Randomized Posttest only Control Group Design”. In this research, the experimental unit was Rattus norvegicus, male; in the age of 3 months and total number were thirty. Independent variable of this research was  steeping of ginger, the dose various of steeping ginger (control, 1g, 3g, 3g + bay leaf, and 5g), and dependent variable was Tumor Necrotic Factor (TNF)α of tissue lipid. TNF α expression was measured by using ELISA method. The data was analyzed by using ANOVA. Based on the analysis, it showed that steeping of ginger was decreased the expression of TNF-α in fat tissue (1g = 551 pg/mL, 3g = 511 pg/mL, 3g + bay leaf = 493 pg /mL) compare to control (986.8 pg/mL) but on the 5 g dose there is contradictory effect that is there is increasing TNF α (1103.5 pg/mL). Conclusion, steeping of ginger potentially decrease the risk of atherosclerosis by attenuate of TNF α expression.

Lead (Pb) is a toxic metal compound that can contaminate fish and pose health risks to humans. The purpose of this study was to analyze the level of Pb from fresh and smoked mackerel tuna (Euthynnus affinis) sold in Tuban, Indonesia. Mackerel samples were obtained from fish sellers along the highway of Karangsari village, Tuban district, Tuban, Indonesia. The determination of Pb content in mackerel body was carried out through the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) characterization following with the guidelines of SNI (Indonesian National Standard) year 2011. The research data showed that the range of Pb levels on both fresh fish (0.33 - 14.41 mg/kg) and smoked fish (1.30 - 22.20 mg/kg) exceeds the threshold set by SNI No. 7387 the year 2009. The results of the Mann-Whitney test indicated that Pb level in smoked fish (Mdn = 19.05) was not significantly greater than fresh fish (Mdn = 12.13), U = 50.00, p = 0.219. Pb levels of mackerel tuna that were above the permissible levels indicate a health risk if the fish is consumed by humans. Monitoring and decision making by the Indonesian government needs to be conducted to overcome Pb contamination that occurs in the sea of Tuban.