Objectives The objective of this study was to compare the ability of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (aMSCs) generated from young vs geriatric cats to proliferate in culture, suppress lymphocyte proliferation and undergo senescence. Methods Adipose tissues from five young (<5 years) and six geriatric (>10 years) cats were harvested and cryopreserved for subsequent aMSC isolation and culture. aMSC proliferation in culture was compared via determination of time until passage two and by 3-(4,5-demethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. The immunomodulatory capacity of aMSCs was assessed using lymphocyte proliferation assays, and senescence was evaluated using senescence-associated B-galactosidase (SABG) expression. All assays were performed on aMSCs between passage two and passage three. Results aMSCs from geriatric cats took significantly longer ( P = 0.008) to reach passage two (median 11 days, range 9-22 days) compared with aMSCs from young healthy cats (median 7 days, range 6-8 days). No significant difference was detected between young and geriatric cats in terms of their ability to suppress lymphocyte proliferation. SABG expression was not significantly different between young and geriatric aMSCs. Conclusions and relevance Compared with young feline aMSCs, geriatric aMSCs are significantly impaired in their ability to rapidly proliferate to passage two following initial culture, presenting a concern for autologous therapy. Nonetheless, once the cells are expanded, young and geriatric cat aMSCs appear to be equivalent in terms of their ability to functionally suppress T-cell activation and proliferation.
This study investigated the effects of diets containing fish oil or pectin on blood pressure and lipid metabolism in the deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertensive rat. Three groups (8 rats/group) of unilaterally nephrectomized rats were fed for 21 d one of three purified diets: a) 8% fish oil + 2% safflower oil + 5% alpha cellulose (fish oil diet), b) 10% safflower oil + 5% pectin (pectin diet), or c) 10% safflower oil + 5% alpha cellulose (control diet). Each of the diets contained 6% NaCl and all rats received DOCA (30 mg/kg body wt, subcutaneously) twice weekly. Systolic blood pressure of rats fed fish oil was significantly lower (P less than 0.05) than that of rats fed the control diet; there was no significant difference between the pectin and control groups. Plasma renin activity and net sodium and potassium balances were similar among the three groups. Plasma total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol were significantly lower (P less than 0.05) in the group fed the fish oil diet than in the group fed the control diet. Total, LDL and HDL cholesterol did not differ between rats fed the pectin and rats fed the control diet. Plasma triglyceride concentration did not differ among the three groups. Thus, dietary fish oil attenuated the development of DOCA-salt hypertension, unrelated to alterations of net sodium balance. Fish oil feeding also lowered total, LDL and HDL cholesterol, but did not alter the HDL/LDL ratio. In contrast, dietary pectin exerted no effect on blood pressure or lipid metabolism.
According to Epstein' and co-workers, injection of trypsin, insulin, or saline solutions into the pancreatico-duodenal artery results in a hyperglyczemia and glycosuria in cats. Injection of trypsin into the portal vein also causes hyperglycemia, but NaCl or insulin does not lead to hyperglycxmia. On the basis of these results, certain conclusions were reached concerning the nature of the diabetic condition.We have repeated these experiments on dogs, under conditions similar to those of Epstein and co-workers, with negative results. In no instance did glycosuria occur, nor were any marked increases of the blood sugar produced by the injection of solutions of trypsin, insulin or sodium chloride into the pancreatico-duodenal artery of dogs under amytal anesthesia. Following the injection of insulin into the pancreatic artery, the typical fall of blood sugar was regularly observed. Dog No. 1. Injection of insulin into the pancreatico-duodenal artery.Young female dog, weight 6.4 kg. 60 mg. amytal (Lilly) per kg. intraperitoneally. Catheterized. Laparotomy 20 minutes later; 3 cc. of insulin solution (12 units) injected into the pancreatico-duodenal artery. Abdlomen closed in two layers. Time 11:30 a. m. 11 : 40 11 :41 11 : 48 12:Ol p. m. 12 :40 1:35 3 :30 artery. Blood sugar Shaffer-Hartmann Method Per cent .111 1 Injection of 3 cc. (12 clinical units) into the .111 .127 .083 ,056 .032 s o 0 Urine at no time waa positive when tested with the Sh,affer-Hartmam sugar reagent. 1 Epstein, Rosenthal, et al., Am.
Intravenous injections of neutral freshly aerated sodium acetoacetate solutions, injected into dogs at a constant rate and over a long period of time, showed that the tolerance for acetoacetate is very great. Acetoacetate is almost completely tolerated (i. e., disappears) in normal dogs when injected at a rate up to 5 or 6 millimols per kilo body weight per hour, the amount disposed of (0r;tolerated) being roughly proportional to the amount injected. A small portion of that injected is excreted as B-oxybutyric acid and acetoacetic acid in the urine, in the ration of from 1 :1 to 2:1, and as acetone in exhaled air. Long continued phlorhizination and starvation does not abolish the tolerance, but does decrease it about 30 to 50 per cent below the normal. Injection of insulin into a phlorhizinized' dog caused an immediate increase of tolerance which became normal in about three hours. 2833The photochemistry of cod liver oil.
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