Effects of Dietary Fish Oil or Pectin on Blood Pressure and Lipid Metabolism in the DOCA-Salt Hypertensive Rat

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of diets containing fish oil or pectin on blood pressure and lipid metabolism in the deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertensive rat. Three groups (8 rats/group) of unilaterally nephrectomized rats were fed for 21 d one of three purified diets: a) 8% fish oil + 2% safflower oil + 5% alpha cellulose (fish oil diet), b) 10% safflower oil + 5% pectin (pectin diet), or c) 10% safflower oil + 5% alpha cellulose (control diet). Each of the diets contained 6% NaCl and all rats received DOCA (30 mg/kg body wt, subcutaneously) twice weekly. Systolic blood pressure of rats fed fish oil was significantly lower (P less than 0.05) than that of rats fed the control diet; there was no significant difference between the pectin and control groups. Plasma renin activity and net sodium and potassium balances were similar among the three groups. Plasma total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol were significantly lower (P less than 0.05) in the group fed the fish oil diet than in the group fed the control diet. Total, LDL and HDL cholesterol did not differ between rats fed the pectin and rats fed the control diet. Plasma triglyceride concentration did not differ among the three groups. Thus, dietary fish oil attenuated the development of DOCA-salt hypertension, unrelated to alterations of net sodium balance. Fish oil feeding also lowered total, LDL and HDL cholesterol, but did not alter the HDL/LDL ratio. In contrast, dietary pectin exerted no effect on blood pressure or lipid metabolism.

Hypocholesterolaemic effects of an ethanol precipitate of Kabosu juice in stroke‐prone spontaneously hypertensive rats fed a cholesterol‐free diet

“…In our previous papers, 2,3 we also suggested that the hypocholesterolaemic effect of KJP in diet‐induced hypercholesterolaemic rats was based, in part, on the suppression of intestinal cholesterol absorption by pectin. However, with regard to the function of pectin under cholesterol‐free conditions, Bone et al 20 . have reported that replacement of 5% cellulose with 5% pectin produces no effect on total cholesterol, LDL–cholesterol or HDL–cholesterol in deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)‐salt hypertensive rats.…”

Endothelin-1 Attenuates ω3 Fatty Acid–Induced Apoptosis by Inhibition of Caspase 3

“…6 In hypertension, a beneficial effect has been proposed for 3 fatty acids (3 FAs). Dietary 3 FAs, which are polyunsaturated FAs abundant in fish oil, attenuated the development of high blood pressure in DOCA-salt-treated rats 7 and, to a lesser degree in spontaneously hypertensive rats. 8 With respect to growth, although ET-1 may inhibit apoptosis, 6 3 FAs have instead been shown to induce apoptosis in nonvascular cells 9,10 and, recently, in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs).…”

Effects of long‐term intake of Antarctic krill oils on artery blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats

“…Aguilera et al reported that 6 weeks of FO uptake (FO diet with 75 g kg −1 of FO as the sole source of lipids) could reduce the SBP of metabolic syndrome rats achieved by the administration of 300 g kg −1 of sucrose in drinking water. Bond et al investigated the effects of diets containing FO on the BP of deoxycorticosterone acetate salt hypertensive rats and found that the SBP of rats fed FO was significantly lower than that of rats fed the control diet.…”