This study was aimed at drawing up an inventory of the post-harvest pathogenic fungi of banana dessert and to assess their susceptibility to Azoxystrobin. A sampling was carried out in banana fruit processing factories of the main Ivorian zones of banana production (Niéky, AboissoAyamé-Akressi and Tiassalé). The identification and frequency of isolation of the fungal species associated with the affected parts of the fruit was based on their cultural aspects, reproductive structures and percentage of contamination. The susceptibility of post-harvest fungi to different doses of Azoxystrobin 3.5, 4 and 4.5 g/hl was compared to a reference product, Bitertanol at a dose of 2 g/hl and to a check where only water is applied. Of the 13 pathogenic fungal species isolated, Botryodiplodia theobromae was the most recurrent and was identified as the main causal agent of postharvest rots. It is followed by Colletotrichum musae, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium moniliforme, Geotrichum candidum, Fusarium semitectum and Aspergillus flavus, in which the isolation frequencies are significantly different. The results on the susceptibility of pathogenic fungi to Azoxystrobin show that the three doses of Azoxystrobin have significantly different effects from that of the reference product and the check. They reduce infection rates up to 91.67% and give a high proportion of marketable fruits, respectively. Surprisingly, the dose of the reference product gives a low rate of reduction of infections (49%) and a proportion of marketable fruit that is significantly identical to that of water treatment.
Artisanal crude palm oil (ACPO) of "Man'' (District des Montagnes, Ivory Coast) enjoys a national and international reputation for quality among consumers. In order to record this local product as a geographical indication product, a study aimed to compare the physicochemical parameters and fatty acid profiles of some ACPO samples from the "Dura" variety collected in the districts of Lagunes, Sassandra-Marahoué, Bas-Sassandra and Montagnes, was conducted. It shows that the samples collected in the District des Montagnes have a low density (0.949±0.018 g/ml), a high iodine value (63.9±0.5 g of iodine/100 g of fat) and a low peroxide value (1.2±0.2 meqO 2
RESUME Objectif : Cette étude a été menée pour évaluer le niveau de la pourriture brune, de suivre son évolution dans les plantations, au niveau des différentes parties du cacaoyer et de préciser l’emplacement des lésions sur les différentes cabosses infectées dans les cacaoyères dans le Département d’Aboisso Sud-est de la Côte d’Ivoire. Méthodologie et résultats : Cinq plantations ont été choisies avec dans chacune vingt plants mis en observation et sur lesquels trois parties ont été délimitées : le bas, le milieu et les branches. Sur chaque cabosse infectée la lésion est soit, proximale, latérale ou distale. Le dispositif est donc en blocs de Fischer avec un arrangement factoriel, 2 facteurs (localisation des cabosses dans l’arbre et la position des lésions sur les cabosse) avec chacun 3 niveaux soit, 9 traitements avec 5 répétions. L’analyse des taux des affections à Phytophthora donne une différence hautement significative d’une part entre les localisations des cabosses dans l’arbre et d’autre part, entre les positions des lésions sur les cabosses. Aussi, la position des lésions sur les cabosses diffère-t-elle selon la localisation de celles-ci dans l’arbre (p-value < 1%). Conclusion : La pourriture brune sévit de façon endémique dans le département d’Aboisso. Les cabosses sur le tronc, notamment celles qui sont vers le bas, s’avèrent les plus vulnérables. Les lésions distales sont préférentiellement situées sur les cabosses vers le bas du tronc, alors que les proximales sont en grand nombre sur le milieu du tronc et les branches. Les Phytophthora étant des organismes telluriques, l’importance de leurs attaques sur les cabosses et sur les parties de celles-ci proches du sol, source d’inoculum primaire s’avérerait inévitable. Application actuelle et potentielle des résultats : A partir de ces résultats, il convient de recommander d’éviter l’abandon de la protection avec des fongicides appropriés de la cacaoyère de cette localité comme ont tendance à le faire certains planteurs. Aussi, les applications de fongicides, surtout ceux de contact, par atomisation ne doivent-ils pas être dirigées seulement dans les branches mais également sur le tronc et surtout vers le bas des pieds des arbres. Mots clés : pourriture brune, dynamique, cacaoyer, Aboisso, Côte d’Ivoire ABSTRACT Spatio-temporal dynamics of the brown rot of cocoa pots due to phytophthora sp. in the department of Aboisso (Cote d'Ivoire) Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the level of brown rot, monitor its evolution in plantations, at the level of different parts of the cocoa tree and to specify the location of the lesions on the different pods infected in the cocoa farms in the Department. of Aboisso South-east of Ivory Coast. Methodology and results: Five plantations were selected, each of which had twenty plants under observation and on which three parts were delineated: the bottom, the middle and the branches. On each infected pod the lesion is proximal, lateral or distal. The device is therefore in Fischer blocks with a factorial arrangement, 2 factors (location of the pods in the tree and the position of the lesions on the pod) with each 3 levels, i.e. 9 treatments with 5 repetitions. The analysis of the Phytophthora disease rates gives a highly significant difference between the location of the pods in the tree and between the positions of the lesions on the pods. Also, the position of the lesions on the pods differs according to the location of these in the tree (p-value <1%). Conclusion: Brown rot is endemic in the Aboisso department. Pods on the trunk, especially those that are down, are the most vulnerable. The distal lesions are preferentially located on the pods down the trunk, while the proximal ones are in large numbers on the middle of the trunk and branches. Phytophthora being telluric organisms, the importance of their attacks on pods and parts of them that are close to the soil, a source of primary inoculum, would be inevitable. Current and Potential Application of Results: From these results, it is advisable to avoid abandoning the protection with appropriate fungicides of the cocoa farm in this locality, as some planters tend to do. Also, the applications of fungicides, especially those of contact, by atomization should not be directed only in the branches but also on the trunk and especially down the feet of the trees. Keywords: brown rot, dynamics, cocoa, Aboisso, Ivory Coast
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