A 29-year-old female was transferred to our clinic because of short femurs (<2 percentile) on ultrasound scan. She had nonspecific medical and obstetrical history. The ultrasound scan at 32 weeks of gestational age revealed rhizomelic shortening of the extremities, frontal bossing and the over rounded metaphyseal -epiphyseal interface at the femur ends while connecting to diaphysis, also called "collar hoop" sign. A 3D helical computed tomography (3D-HCT) scan reported rhizomelic limbs, narrowing of the interpediculate distance of the lumbosacral spine, rounded iliac wings and bilateral "collar hoop" sign of the proximal femurs. All these findings led to diagnosis of achondroplasia, which was confirmed by DNA testing. A well, active male baby was born. Postnatal x-ray also confirmed antenatal findings of ultrasound and 3D-HCT. ª
This study evaluated the performance of gated single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with thallium-201 (201Tl) in assessing left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), end-diastolic volume (EDV), and end-systolic volume (ESV) in Taiwanese by determining repeatability and correlation with two-dimensional (2D) echocardiography. A total of 18 patients underwent two sequential gated SPECT acquisitions within 30 minutes in the resting state to assess repeatability. Another 28 patients who underwent gated SPECT and 2D echocardiography within 7 days were included for comparison. The two sequential measurements were well correlated with respect to LVEF, EDV, and ESV (r = 0.97, 0.95, and 0.97, respectively, all p < 0.0001). Bland-Altman analysis revealed that two standard deviations of the absolute difference between the two sequential measurements for LVEF, EDV, and ESV were 6.4%, 16.8 mL, and 8.6 mL, respectively. For LVEF, EDV, and ESV, correlations between redistribution 201Tl-gated SPECT and echocardiography were also excellent (all r = 0.83, p < 0.0001). LVEF was similar with 201Tl-gated SPECT and echocardiography, but EDV and ESV were significantly higher with echocardiography (p < 0.05). Our study revealed that 201Tl-gated SPECT has high repeatability and excellent correlation with echocardiography for the assessment of LVEF and volumes in Taiwanese. These results support the clinical application of gated SPECT in routine 201Tl myocardial perfusion imaging in Taiwanese.
confocal microscopy, fluorescence polarization, fluorescence recovery after photobleaching, and cryo-electron microscopy to demonstrate that this transition occurs not only for the dumbbell-shaped vesicles but also for singlecomponent dendrimersomes made of either hydrogenated or fluorinated dendrimers. Consistent with the formation of a 3D bilayer network, we show that dendrimersomes become more permeable to water soluble fluorophores after transitioning to the sponge phase. These findings suggest that we have the potential to control sponge formation by tuning the spontaneous curvature of the membrane to generate a range of thermally inducible sponge-like structures. These dendrimersomes may be useful in (1) drug delivery, since non-lamellar delivery vehicles can promote endosomal disruption and cargo release and (2) modeling isotropic membrane rearrangements of biological systems.
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