In chronic bronchial asthma inflammation may be accompanied by intensive air flow limitation. Endogenous oxidants produced by overactive inflammatory cells destroy airway epithelium which slough into bronchial lumen and thus aggravates asthma. When oxidant overwhelm anti-oxidants, tissue injury and disease results. It is observed that decrease level of anti-oxidants in the lungs is a feature of chronic bronchial asthma and that there is a marked decrease of these levels during acute asthmatic attacks. These observations highlight the positive correlation between anti-oxidant therapy in asthmatic patients. The study was carried out to observe the changes in lung function in patients with chronic bronchial asthma both before and after supplementation of anti-oxidant vitamin A. Pulmonary function variables such as FVE, FEV1, FEV1/FVC%and PEFR were measured by spirometer in patients with chronic bronchial asthma both before and three month after supplementation of vitamin A 10,000 I.U orally daily. The mean FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC% and PEFR following vitamin A was unchanged significantly (P<0.001) than the pre supplementation values in patients with chronic bronchial asthma. This study reveals that no improvement of pulmonary functions occur after supplementation of anti-oxidant vitamin A in chronic bronchial asthma patients.TAJ 2014; 27(1): 10-13
Breast TB is a very rare form of extrapulmonary TB. So, case reviews are also less common. 12 breast TB cases diagnosed and treated between June 2011- June 2014 in the private chamber were retrospectively reviewed. All cases were female, their mean age was 34.4 years. All were new cases and only one had pulmonary TB. Patients presented with hard, irregular breast lump (83.3%), swelling of the breast (25%), secretion from the involved breast (33.3%), breast pain (50%). Montaux test was negative in 83.3% patients and chest x-ray findings was positive only in one case. ESR was raised and FNAC showed granulomatous changes in all cases. All received Directly Observed Treatment Short Course regimen for a duration of 6 months. Segmental resection was not done. Small lump persisted in only 2 eases after treatment. From the above findings it can be said that breast TB should be considered as a differential diagnosis of breast neoplasia and it can be successfully treated by anti-TB drugs.TAJ 2013; 26: 24-26
Background: The impacts of socio-demographic characteristics on acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are not well understood and have not yet been studied much more in our country. Acute myocardial infarction is the most common form of coronary heart disease and the single most important cause of premature death worldwide.Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the impacts of the socio-demographic characteristics on AMI patients and to investigate the association between socioeconomic status and its various indicators and the risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This study will help in awareness building in reducing AMI by early detection of socio-demographic variables.Patients and methods: This was a prospective observational study consisted of 325 persons of AMI patients who were aged >20 years. Patients with first time AMI arriving in Coronary Care Unit (CCU) of Rajshahi medical college during the period of 2012-2014, were included. Data were collected through interview.Results: Among the AMI patients, male were more sufferer than female (68.3% vs. 31.7%) and male and female ratio was 2.15:1.0. Highest percentage of education was up to primary level (53.85%). Most of studied subjects (92.0%) monthly income were ≤15000. More than half (59.38%) of the studied population were from rural area, mostly they were Muslim (94.46%) and smokers (50.15%). The mean±SD age of the acute Myocardial infarction patients was 53.75±11.64 years. Mean age of the female patients were a little bit higher than the male patients (female 54.28±11.78 vs. male 53.51±11.63). Highest percentage was in the age group 51-60 years (32%) followed by 41-50 (26.8%) and then age group >60 (23.7%). Among the male patients highest percentage was in the age group 51-60 years (31.1%) followed by 41-50 years (27%) and then age group >60 (24.3%). However, among the female patients, highest percentage were in the age group 51-60 years (34%) followed by 41-50 years (26.2%), and then age group >60 (22.3%). Acute Myocardial infarction patients was more in age group >40 years of age. Interestingly after 60 years of age occurrence of AMI was low in both sexes.Conclusion: Both sex and age influenced AMI. An association was also found among educational level, monthly income, residence area, religion, smoking habit and AMI.TAJ 2016; 29(1): 16-20
This cross-sectional study was carried out to estimate the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its’ risk factors in an urbanizing rural community of Bangladesh. This study was carried out in my private practice chamber at Rohonpur, Chapai Nawabgonj District of Bangladesh. Rohonpur is an unbanning rural community of Bangladesh. Total 975 subjects (>20 years), were included following simple random procedure. This study was carried out in between 1st July2015 to 31st December 2016. Capillary blood glucose levels, fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels and 2- hour after 75 g oral glucose load (OGTT) were measured. Height, weight, waist and hip circumferences and blood pressure were measured. The study population was lean with mean body mass index (BMI) of 20.48. The total prevalence of type 2 diabetes was 8.5%, men showed higher prevalence (9.4%) compare to women (8.0%). Increasing age and higher BMI were found to be significant risk factors following both FBG and OGTT. The study has shown that prevalence of diabetes has increased in the populations who are in transitional stage of urbanization, and may indicate an epidemiological transition due to fast expanding urbanization.TAJ 2016; 29(2): 26-30
Background: Metabolic syndrome confers the risk of developing acute myocardial infarction which is the most common form of coronary heart disease and the single most important cause of premature death worldwide. The frequency and association of different components of metabolic syndrome on AMI are not well understood and has not been well evaluated.Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the components of the metabolic syndrome and its association with AMI patients. This study will help in awareness building in reducing AMI by early detection of components of metabolic syndrome.Patients and methods: This was a prospective observational study consisted of 325 AMI patients who were aged >20 years. Patients with first time AMI arriving in CCU of Rajshahi medical college during the period of 2012-2014, were included. Data were collected through interview, clinical examination, and laboratory tests within 24 hrs of AMI. Five components of metabolic syndrome were defined according to criteria set by modified NCEP ATP III (according to ethnic variation).Results: In AMI patients (n=325), no metabolic components were in 24 (7.4%) patients, one in 53 (16.3%), 2 components in 91(28.0%), 3 components were in 61(18.8%), 4 in 67(20.6%) and all 5 components were in 29 (8.9%) patients. In this study, there was no component in 7.4% of AMI patients, at least 1 component was 92.6%, at least 2 components were 76.3%, at least 3 components were 48.3%, at least 4 components were 29.5% and at least 5 components were 8.9%. The Metabolic syndrome was 48.3% (n=157). Among metabolic syndrome (≥3 components) in AMI (n=157, 48.3%) 4 components (20.6%) were more, next was 3 components (18.8%) and than 5 components (8.9%). Overall frequencies of components in acute myocardial infarction (n=325) were in order of abdominal obesity (54.8%) > high blood pressure (54.5%) > high FPG (54.2%) > Triglyceride (46.2%) and low HDL-C (46.2%) in acute myocardial infarction. Highest percentage was observed in abdominal obesity (54.8%) followed by high blood pressure (54.5%) and FPG (54.2%).TAJ 2016; 29(2): 6-10
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