Abstract:Utilization of several research and consumer grade activity monitors for quantification of Physical Activity has created an uncertainty due to imprecise measurement. The aim of this analysis was to determine the impact of different activity monitors for quantifying PA among the sedentary population for accurate measurement of EE, MET and Temporospatial parameters of Conclusion:Evidences presented in the paper reveals that a paradigm shift has been seen from subjective measurement approach to objective measurement due to availability of several types of accelerometers. activPAL has found to effective in quantification of PA during life style behaviors Keywords, Physical Activity, sedentary lifestyle, activPAL, actigraph, research-grade activity monitor Introduction:
Background:The difficulties encountered in surgical spermatozoa retrieval for intracytoplasmic sperm injection procedure in azoospermic men have stressed the dire need for a robust biomarker for the prediction of spermatozoa retrieval. Data have highlighted the role of JMJD1A (Jumonji domain-containing 1A), a histone H3K9 demethylase, and other nuclear proteins, protamines (PRM) and transition nuclear proteins (TNP), as biomarkers in male infertility.Objective: To access successful spermatozoa retrieval at the time of intracytoplasmic sperm injection by evaluating the mRNA expression profile of JMJD1A, TNP, and PRM in testicular tissue. Materials/Methods: About 100 azoospermic patients, who visited the Australian Concept Infertility Medical Center, Karachi for spermatozoa retrieval by testicular sperm extraction or microsurgical testicular sperm extraction participated in the study. mRNA expression of the JMJD1A, TNP1, TNP2, PRM1, and PRM2 genes was determined. Patients were categorized into successful spermatozoa retrieval (n = 42) group and unsuccessful spermatozoa retrieval (n = 58) group.Results: Azoospermic men in successful spermatozoa retrieval had significantly increased expression of JMJD1A, TNP2, and PRM2. The hormonal parameters -folliclestimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and thyroid-stimulating hormone were significantly higher in unsuccessful spermatozoa retrieval. Multivariate analysis showed a significant association between JMJD1A, TNP2, PRM2, and successful spermatozoa retrieval. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve showed a significant discriminatory ability to predict the spermatozoa retrieval outcome in azoospermic patients for mRNA expression of JMJD1A, TNP2, and PRM2 was 71, 72, and 73%, respectively. The area under the curve for follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and thyroid-stimulating hormone was 0.67, 0.81, and 0.65, respectively. Discussion: Our study demonstrates that the mRNA expression profile of JMJD1A, TNP2, and PRM2 along with hormonal parameters, is a useful marker to assess the probability of spermatozoa retrieval before intracytoplasmic sperm injection intervention.
Study question To access successfulness of sperm retrieval by evaluating the mRNA expression profile of JMJD1A, TNP1, TNP2, PRM1 and PRM2 in patients undergoing surgical sperm retrieval procedure. Summary answer Probability of sperm retrieval in azoospermia is decreased when mRNA expression profile of JMJD1A TNP2 and PRM2 in testicular tissue is decreased. What is known already Studies have been done on expression of JMJD1A in non-obstructive azoospermic patients in other part of the world with smaller sample size but this is the first study in Pakistan with larger number of patients. Study design, size, duration: Crossectional study, 100 azoospermic patients coming for purpose of sperm retrieval by TESE or micro-TESE in Australian Concept Infertility Medical Center, Karachi,from March, 2018 to December, 2019 Participants/materials, setting, methods All recruited azoospermic patients were evaluated by history, physical examination, and hormonal assessment. RNA was extracted by pureLink RNA Micro kit and mRNA expression of the JMJD1A, TNP1, TNP2, PRM1 and PRM2 genes was determined using innu-SCRIPT One Step RT_qPCR SyGreen kit. For quantitative variables independent t test and for categorical variables chi-square/ Fisher Exact test was used. Unadjusted and adjusted prevalence ratio were reported by using cox regression algorithm. Main results and the role of chance: The patients were categorized into (i) Group-I: Patients with successful sperm retrieval n = 42, (ii) Group-II: Patients with unsuccessful sperm retrieval n = 58. The patients were categorized into (i) Group-I: Patients with successful sperm retrieval n = 42, (ii) Group-II: Patients with unsuccessful sperm retrieval n = 58. Azoospermic men in the successful sperm retrieval group had significantly decreased expression of JMJD1A (P < 0.001), TNP2(P < 0.001), and PRM2 (P 0.008). In addition to this regarding hormonal parameters: FSH (P 0.004), LH(P < 0.001), TSH(P<.011) were significantly different in azoospermic men with successful and unsuccessful sperm retrieval. In multivariate analysis, after adjusting for the other covariates, a significant association was found between JMJD1A, TNP2, PRM2 and successful sperm retrieval (p-value <0.05). Limitations, reasons for caution It is unicentric and outcomes for fertilization were not assessed. Azoospermic patients from multi-centeres were difficult because of lack of facility of sperm retrieval procedures at these centers and it was difficult to follow the fertrilization outcome. Wider implications of the findings: This will be useful for making the decision in azoospermic men to proceed for ICSI or not. In addition to this, the repetition of unnecessary surgical procedures can be avoided, as the azoospermic men often undergo number of rounds of ICSI, with the hope of becoming biological father. Trial registration number non-clinical trials
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.