Abstract. Sadikin PN, Arifin HS, Pramudya B, Mulatsih S. 2017. Carrying capacity to preserve biodiversity on ecotourism in Mount Rinjani National Park,. Mount Rinjani National Park (MRNP) in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia has applied ecotourism which becomes more popular at international and national level. Yet, the MRNP ecotourism faces various problems such as ecotourism resources damage, erosion, or garbage left by ecotourism activities, etc. This study aims to analyze (i) the land suitability for ecotourism based on criteria of tourism object range, land use and land cover, zone type, biodiversity range, and slope, and (ii) carrying capacity of the ecotourism area, the total number of visitors who can enjoy ecotourism attraction based on activities type, total area, capacity days, and turnover factor. The results of the land suitability for ecotourism analysis show that the MRNP ecotourism has been applied on the suitable land for ecotourism, except in Pelawangan Senaru and at the Peak of Mount Rinjani due to its sensitive and fragile area. The carrying capacity assessment using Douglass formula (1982) has counted the visitors for up to 42.527 visitors per year for camping activity. Generally, this value is under the average actual visitors at present, i.e. 44.112 visitors per year. It means the MRNP ecotourism is already exceeded its carrying capacity.
Mount Rinjani National Park (MNRP) in the West Nusa Tenggara Province, popular as one of ectourism destinations for both international and domestic tourist. The number of tourist increases every year. However, MRNP was facing various problems including forest destruction which then becomes critical degraded lands ABSTRAKTaman Nasional Gunung Rinjani (TNGR) di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat adalah tujuan ekowisata yang populer bagi wisatawan mancanegara dan nusantara. Jumlah pengunjung tercatat meningkat setiap tahunnya. Saat ini, TNGR menghadapi berbagai permasalahan hutan yang rusak dan menjadi lahan kritis, serta sumberdaya air yang menurun akibat kurangnya kesadaran dan kepedulian akan nilai lingkungan dan sumber daya alam ekowisata TNGR. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesediaan wisatawan untuk membayar atau willingness to pay (WTP) bagi ekowisata dan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhinya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode contingent valuation method (CVM) untuk menentukan nilai WTP ekowisata, serta regresi untuk menentukan faktor apa saja yang memengaruhi nilai WTP ekowisata tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rataan WTP responden wisatawan mancanegara US $54,13, dengan nilai ekonomi lingkungan ekowisata dan perkiraan pendapatan dari tiket masuk US $1.208.790/ tahun atau Rp14,50 milyar/tahun. Sementara itu rataan WTP responden wisatawan nusantara Rp40.650, dan nilai ekonomi lingkungan ekowisata serta perkiraan
During 2016-2019, Yayasan Bumi Manira-Studio Driyamedia Bandung (the institutions where authors work) involved in cooperation with the dairy coops KPSBU (Koperasi Peternak Sapi Bandung Utara) in Lembang-West Java and KPBS (Koperasi Peternak Bandung Selatan) in Pangalengan-West Java to develop their animal health and extension staff capacities in communication and extension. The staff consist of: para-medics, animal health, extension officers and veterinarians involved in trainings in technical subjects, communication and extension methods to advice farmers in better way. The analysis of this article aims to evaluate and review the communication pattern of those staffs. The capacity building methodology developed is Participatory Learning and Action (PLA) method as trainings of coop staff using “action-reflection-action” learning system. The result of evaluation and review showed that the progress of the project indicate of positive situation because they have potential to be came good officer and very enthusiastic. Most problems of communication and extension in KPBS and KPSBU are similar: using too much one-way communication, less implementation of adult education, and less usage of various learning media. Therefor they need more participatory atmosphere, more adult learning policy, and more flexible management system. The board also can push synergize among sections
Mount Rinjani National Park (MNRP) in Indonesia which is popular as one of ecotourism destination has facing problems including forest destruction which then becomes critical degraded lands, watersheds damaged, decreased river water, garbage due to lack of awareness. This study aimed to analyze the dynamic model to simplify and simulate the behavior of the ecotourism management system. The method used was powersim dynamic system software based on the scenarios compiling from controlled inputs: (1) the number of tourists, (2) the ticket price, (3) carrying capacity. The simulation of the first scenario for year 2015 to 2030 shows the total tourists in 2015 exceed the carrying capacity of 42,525 people per year. On the first-stage ticket of IDR 384,000, the number of tourists increased in 2018, reached 52,268 people and in 2030 reached 57,268 people. The second scenario applied a higher ticket price policy based on Willingness to Pay (WTP). The increasing ticket prices in stages up to IDR 650,000 for international tourists and IDR 45,000 for domestic tourists, and in 2030 the number of tourists will decline around 15,013 people.
Ecotourism in Mount Rinjani National Park (MRNP) faces various environmental problems that lead to conflicts. Therefore, an analysis of sustainability status of MRNP ecotourism management is carried out. The method for evaluating the sustainability status of MRNP ecotourism management is MDS (multi-dimensional scaling) with Rap-fish or Rapid Appraisal Index modified to Rap-ecotourism. The index value to determine the sustainability status is obtained from scoring value of dimensions' attributes studied. Then, a leverage analysis is performed to observe the leverage's attributes and fall into the sensitive category as a driver for determining the sustainability of a dimension. These attributes need to be intervened by developing policies so that the index value goes into a sustainable level. The results show that the economic dimension (58.49%) is in quite sustainable level, while the ecological dimension (35.94%), social dimension (45.81%), ecotourism service dimension (39.58%), and technology and infrastructure dimension (35.29%) are in less sustainable stage. While institutional and policy dimension (23.76%) is in not sustainable status. On institutional and policy dimensions, the main lever attributes are (1) local institutions (5.53%), (2) partnerships and collaborations (5.53%), and (3) MRNP ecotourism management and control regulations (5.36%).
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