Three different composites, including a calcined FeOOH supported ZnAl layered double hydroxide (FeOOH-LDO), a calcined ZnAl layered double hydroxide (ZnAl-LDO) and a calcined ZnFeAl layered double hydroxide (ZnFeAl-LDO), were synthesized via a sol-gel method, and their activity for the visible light photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) was studied. The composites were characterized by PXRD, SEM, and BET techniques, confirming the formation of highly crystalline structures. The activity performance of MB degradation was in the following order: FeOOH-LDO (∼95%) > ZnFeAl-LDO (∼60%) > ZnAl-LDO (∼23%). In addition, a possible photocatalytic degradation reaction mechanism for MB was also proposed. Moreover, the frontier electron densities on the atoms of MB were calculated, which were in satisfactory agreement with the postulated mechanism.
Hot deformation behavior of a high-titanium Nb-micro-alloyed steel was investigated by conducting hot compression tests at the temperature of 900–1100 °C and the strain rate of 0.005–10 s−1. Using a sinh type constitutive equation, the apparent activation energy of the examined steel was 373.16 kJ/mol and the stress exponent was 6.059. The relations between Zener–Hollomon parameters versus peak stress (strain) or steady-state stress (strain) were successfully established via the Avrami equation. The dynamic recrystallization kinetics model of the examined steel was constructed and the validity was confirmed based on the experimental results. The 3-D atomic distribution maps illustrated that strain can significantly affect the values of power dissipation efficiency and the area of instability domains. The 3-D processing maps based on a dynamic material model at the strains of 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 were established. Based on traditional and 3-D processing maps and microstructural evaluation, the optimum parameter of for a high-titanium Nb-micro-alloyed steel was determined to be 1000–1050 °C/0.1–1 s−1.
The static recrystallization (SRX) behavior in Ti–V microalloyed steel was studied through two-pass compression tests using a Gleeble-3500 thermo-mechanical simulator. Under the experimental conditions with the deformation temperatures of 950–1050 °C, strain rates of
0.01–1 s–1, pass strains of 0.1–0.2 and inter-pass time of 1–100 s, respectively. The influence of various processing parameters on the static softening were discussed seriously and the results showed that the softening fractions raise quickly with the deformation
temperature, the strain rate, the pass strain and the inter-pass time; Oppositely, it is reduced as the initial austenite grain size raises. In addition, the kinetic equations have been adopted and the required parameters have been determined based on the experiments, the calculated results
are consistent with the experimental results, indicating the SRX behavior and microstructural evolutions of Ti–V microalloyed steel could be estimated by the determined kinetics parameters.
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