Background The usefulness of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in identifying the prognosis of lung cancer with chromosomal instability (CIN) remains unclear. We aimed to analyze clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients in patients harboring CIN. Methods This retrospective cohort study included 668 patients diagnosed with suspected pulmonary infection or lung cancer whose samples underwent mNGS detection from January 2021 to January 2022. Difference between clinical characteristics were calculated by the Student’s t-test and the chi-square test. The subjects were followed-up from registered to September 2022. Survival curves were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method. Results Of 619 bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples collected by bronchoscopy, 30 CIN-positive samples were confirmed as malignant on histopathology, with a sensitivity of 61.22%, a specificity of 99.65%, and an 83.17% accuracy [cut-off values were established by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area under the curve (AUC) =0.804]. In 42 patients with lung cancer, mNGS detected 24 patients as CIN-positive and 18 as CIN-negative. There were no differences between two groups including ages, pathologic types, stage and metastases. In 25 cases, we detected 523 chromosomal copy number variants (CNVs) with forms including duplication (dup), deletion (del), mosaic (mos), and whole chromosome amplification or loss. A total of 243 duplication variants and 192 deletion variants occurred in all chromosomes. Duplications occurred in most chromosomes except for Chr9 and Chr13, in which CNV tended to delete. The median overall survival (OS) in patients with Chr5p15 duplication was 32.4 months [95% confidence interval (CI), 10.35–54.45 months]. The median OS differed significantly between the 5p15dup+ group and the combined group (32.4 vs. 8.63 months, P=0.049). In 29 patients with unresected lung cancer, the median OS of 18 cases in the CIN-positive group was 32.4 months (95% CI, 14.2–50.6 months) and the median OS of 11 cases in the CIN-negative group was 35.63 months (95% CI, 21.64–49.62 months; Wilcoxon, P=0.227). Conclusions Various forms of CIN detected by mNGS may predict prognosis of patients with lung cancer differentially. CIN with duplication or deletion deserves further study to guide clinical treatment.

Background: Previous studies have shown that platelet is involved in the occurrence and progression of delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH), but the relationship between platelet and DCI is not completely clear. Here, we aimed to screen the early platelet parameters associated with DCI after aSAH and develop an early predictive nomogram for DCI after aSAH. Methods:The study was carried out in the neurosurgery department of Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College. A total of 285 consecutive aSAH patients admitted within 24 hours after onset were analyzed retrospectively. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify risk factors for DCI.A predictive nomogram was developed and validated with R software.Results: Sixty-six (23.16%) of the 285 patients with aSAH exhibited DCI during hospitalization. The DCI group and the non-DCI group showed statistically significant differences in red blood cell count (RBC), platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), modified Fisher grade and platelet distribution width (PDW).Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that modified Fisher grade [odds ratio (OR) =1.354; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.034-1.773; P=0.028] and mean MPV [OR =1.825; P<0.001] were independent risk factors for DCI. Modified Fisher grade, RBC, PLT, MPV, and PDW were used to develop a predictive nomogram for DCI. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) was 0.799 (95% CI: 0.737-0.861) in the training set and 0.783 (95% CI: 0.616-0.949) in the validation set. The calibration curve showed that the predicted probability concurred with the actual probability. Decision curve analysis indicated that this nomogram had good clinical application value and could be used for clinical decision making.Conclusions: Our study found that MPV was an early predictor of DCI after aSAH. The nomogram incorporating early MPV had greater value in predicting DCI after aSAH.

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BackgroundRadioresistance is the major obstacle after cancer radiotherapy. The dysregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) was closely related the radioresistance response. This meta-analysis was aimed to interpret the relationship between lncRNAs and radiotherapy responses in different cancers.MethodThe studies were selected from databases including PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Embase, Google Scholar, PMC, and CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure). The publication time was limited to before March 20, 2021. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence interval were calculated with random-effects models. Subgroup analyses, sensitivity analyses, and publication bias were also conducted.ResultTwenty-seven lncRNAs in 14 cancer types were investigated, in which 23 lncRNAs were upregulated and four lncRNAs were downregulated. Dysregulation of these lncRNAs were found to be related to radioresistance response. The pooled HR and 95% confidence interval for the combined up-regulated lncRNAs was 1.73 (95% CI=1.50-2.00; P&lt; 0.01) and down-regulated lncRNAs was 2.09 (95% CI= 1.60-2.72; P&lt; 0.01). The HR values of the subgroup analysis for glioma (HR= 2.22, 95% CI= 1.79-2.74; p&lt; 0.01), non-small cell lung cancer (HR=1.48, 95% CI=1.18-1.85; P&lt;0.01), nasopharyngeal carcinoma (HR=4.26; 95% CI= 1.58-11.46; P&lt; 0.01), and breast cancer (HR=1.29; 95% CI= 1.08-1.54; P&lt; 0.01) were obtained. Moreover, the expression of lncRNAs was significantly related to overall survival of patients no matter if the sample size was &gt;50 or not. In addition, the HR values of the subgroup analysis for lncRNA H19 (HR=2.68; 95% CI= 1.92-3.74; P &lt;0.01), lncRNA FAM201A (HR=2.15; 95% CI= 1.15-3.99; P &lt;0.01), and lncRNA HOTAIR (HR=1.22; 95% CI= 0.98-1.54; P =0.08) were also obtained.ConclusionLncRNAs can induce cancer radioresistance by regulating cell death-related signaling pathways. Results indicated that lncRNAs, especially lncRNA H19, FAM201A, and HOTAIR, could be considered as a predictive theragnostic biomarker to evaluate radiotherapy response.

The present study suggests that cardiac catheter interventional treatment improves the life quality of children or adolescents with CHD as time increases after the intervention.