Oxidative stress was related with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). We aimed to clarify the associations between glutathione S-transferase (GST)M1, GSTT1 and GSTP1-Ile105Val polymorphisms and CTS. One hundred-forty patients with CTS and 97 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Tinel and Phalen signs were noted as positive or negative. Functional and clinical status of patients was evaluated by the Boston Questionnaire. The intensity of hand and/or wrist pain was evaluated on 10 cm visual analog scale (VAS). We applied the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to determine the polymorphisms of the GSTM1 and GSTT1 and the PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism method for detecting the GSTP1-Ile105Val polymorphism. The M1 null genotype was significantly higher in patients with CTS compared to healthy controls, and the M1 null genotype seemed to increase the risk of CTS approximately two-fold (P = 0.011; odds ratio (OR) = 1.98; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.17-3.36). The M1 null, T1 present combined genotype was significantly higher in patients with CTS compared to healthy controls (P = 0.043); however, it seemed not to increase the risk of CTS (P = 0.14; OR = 0.62; 95 % CI 0.33-1.76). We found significantly higher levels of the VAS, Boston Symptom Severity Scale and Phalen sign in patients with the Ile/Val or the Val/Val genotypes compared to those in patients with the Ile/Ile genotype (P = 0.003, 0.004 and 0.044, respectively). We proposed that genes involved in the protection from oxidative stress may influence the susceptibility, clinical and functional status of CTS. The GSTM1 null genotype may be related with the development of CTS, whereas the Val allele of GSTP1-Ile105Val polymorphism may be associated with worse functional and clinical status in CTS.
Purpose: In this study, is a descriptive designed to determine the level of knowledge about foot care of individuals with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and Method: Research consists 165 diabetic patient, (all of them over 40 years old) which admitted İstanbul University Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty Endocrinology Metabolism Department. As a data collection tool, a questionnaire consisting of 44 questions which is prepared by the researcher was used. Results. The majority of the participants in the study are poorly educated, inactive and overweight participants in the 60-69 age group. Diabetic neuropathy was found in 44.8% and diabetic foot was found in 12.7% while at least one diabetic complication occurred in 65.5% of diabetic patients. 66.7% of the patient with diabetes had general diabetes education and 21.2% had diabetic foot training. 54.6% of this educations was given by the diabetes nurses. The majority of the patient with diabetic chronic complications and foot injuries had received diabetes education. As the duration of diabetes increased, the incidence of complications increased. among these complications, retinopathy and cardiovascular diseases were more common in patients with diabetes over the 11 years. The proportion of foot injuries in elderly patients participating in the study is higher than other patients. Conclusion: As a result of the study, it was determined that the patients did not apply their foot care information, did not have foot care training as they need, they applied to the hospital after the problem developed, and only then they were educated. Diabetic individuals can be recommended for the planned education, adequate time for each subject, observation of the results of the trainings and repeated periodicals to overcome these deficiencies. Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. Özet Amaç: Bu çalışma, tip 2 diyabet tanısı almış bireylerin ayak bakımı konusundaki bilgi düzeylerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla tanımlayıcı olarak yapılmıştır. Materyal ve Metot: Araştırma İstanbul Üniversitesi Cerrahpaşa Tıp Fakültesi Endokrinoloji Metabolizma Bilim Dalı Diyabet servisine ve polikliniğine başvuran 40 yaş ve üzeri 165 tip 2 diyabetli hastadan oluşmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak 44 sorudan oluşan ve araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan bir anket formu kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan bireylerin çoğunluğu 60-69 yaş arası grupta, öğrenim düzeyi düşük, çalışmayan ve kilolu katılımcılardır. Diyabetlilerin %65.5’inde diyabete bağlı en az bir komplikasyon gelişirken %44.8’inde diyabetik nöropati ve %12.7’sinde diyabetik ayak tespit edilmiştir. Diyabetlilerin %66.7’si genel diyabet eğitimi, %21.2’si diyabetik ayak eğitimi almıştır. Bu eğitimlerin %54.6’sı diyabet hemşiresi tarafından verilmiştir. Diyabete bağlı kronik komplikasyon ve ayak yarası gelişen diyabetlilerin çoğunluğu diyabet eğitimi almıştı. Diyabet süresi artıkça komplikasyon görülme oranı da artmaktaydı. Bu komplikasyonlardan retinopati ile kardiyovasküler hastalıklar 11 yıl üzeri diyabetlilerde daha yüksektir. Çalışmaya katılan yaşlı hastalardaki ayak yarası oranı, diğer hastalardan daha fazladır. Sonuç: Çalışmanın sonucunda hastaların ayak bakımı konusundaki bilgilerini uygulamaya geçirmedikleri, yeteri kadar ayak bakımı eğitimi almadıkları, sorun geliştikten sonra hastaneye başvurdukları ve ancak o zaman eğitim aldıkları belirlendi. Diyabetli bireylere verilen eğitimlerin planlı olması, her konuya yeterli zaman ayrılması, eğitimlerin sonuçlarının gözlemlenmesi ve belirli aralıklarla tekrarlanması bu eksikliklerin giderilmesi için önerilebilir.
Objectives:This study aims to evaluate the associations between neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), mean platelet volume, and plateletlymphocyte ratio (PLR) with disease activity in ankylosing spondylitis. Patients and methods:The study included 103 patients (63 males, 40 females; mean age 40.7±12.0 years; range 20 to 70 years) with ankylosing spondylitis and 70 healthy controls (43 males, 27 females; mean age 42.7±15.3 years; range 18 to 66 years). All participants' age, sex, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein and mean platelet volume levels, total white blood cell, neutrophil, lymphocyte, and platelet counts were recorded while patients' Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index and Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index scores, medication types, duration of disease and medication use were recorded. Patients were divided into three groups: healthy controls (group 1), patients having BASDAI scores <4 with mild disease activity (group 2, n=73), and patients having BASDAI scores ≥4 with moderate-severe disease activity (group 3, n=30). NLR and PLR values were calculated. Results: Counts of neutrophil, NLR, C-reactive protein levels and PLR were significantly higher in group 3 compared to groups 1 and 2 (p<0.05). BASDAI scores were correlated weakly with neutrophil counts, NLR and PLR, and correlated moderately with C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our study results indicate that, in ankylosing spondylitis, mean platelet volume is not associated with disease activity, whereas NLR and PLR may reflect disease activity.
The purpose of this research was to compare the effect of conceptual change texts enriched with metaconceptual processes with the effect of refutational and expository texts on pre-service science teachers’ conceptual understanding of heat and temperature. The durability of the effect of the texts on pre-service science teachers’ conceptual understanding was also examined. A pre-test- post-test experimental research design was employed. One hundred and five pre-service teachers who were enrolled in an Elementary Science Teacher Education Program of a public university located in Turkey participated in this research. They were randomly assigned to three treatment groups each of which read a different type of texts. Heat and Temperature Concept Test (HTCT) was administered as a pre-test, post-test and delayed test to assess the participants’ conceptual understanding of heat and temperature concepts. The results show that the conceptual understanding of pre-service teachers who read conceptual change text enriched with metaconceptual processes was significantly better than that of the other groups and this significantly positive effect did not diminish eight weeks after reading the texts. Key words: conceptual change text, metaconceptual processes, heat and temperature, pre-service science teachers.
SummaryObjective: To examine the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] level and disease activity in male patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Materials and Methods:The study enrolled 51 male AS patients being followed at our hospital. Patient demographics as well as serum levels of 25(OH)D vitamin, C-reactive protein (CRP), calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase and parathormone, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) at 1 hour were recorded. Patients were divided into two groups based on their serum 25(OH)D vitamin levels; one group consisted of 21 patients with 25(OH)D vitamin levels less than 20 ng/mL and the other group comprised 30 patients with 25(OH)D levels greater than 20 ng/mL. Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) scores were evaluated in order to determine the disease activity. Results: BASDAI scores were statistically significantly higher in the group with serum 25(OH)D vitamin levels less than 20 ng/mL compared to the group with 25(OH)D levels above 20 ng/mL (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between groups in terms of ESR, serum levels of CRP, parathormone, calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase. Conclusion: In the present study, an inverse relationship has been found between serum vitamin D levels and disease activity in male AS patients and it was concluded that serum vitamin D levels should also be taken into account while developing a treatment plan.
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