Associations analysis of GSTM1, T1 and P1 Ile105Val polymorphisms with carpal tunnel syndrome

Abstract

Oxidative stress was related with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). We aimed to clarify the associations between glutathione S-transferase (GST)M1, GSTT1 and GSTP1-Ile105Val polymorphisms and CTS. One hundred-forty patients with CTS and 97 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Tinel and Phalen signs were noted as positive or negative. Functional and clinical status of patients was evaluated by the Boston Questionnaire. The intensity of hand and/or wrist pain was evaluated on 10 cm visual analog scale (VAS). We applied the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to determine the polymorphisms of the GSTM1 and GSTT1 and the PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism method for detecting the GSTP1-Ile105Val polymorphism. The M1 null genotype was significantly higher in patients with CTS compared to healthy controls, and the M1 null genotype seemed to increase the risk of CTS approximately two-fold (P = 0.011; odds ratio (OR) = 1.98; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.17-3.36). The M1 null, T1 present combined genotype was significantly higher in patients with CTS compared to healthy controls (P = 0.043); however, it seemed not to increase the risk of CTS (P = 0.14; OR = 0.62; 95 % CI 0.33-1.76). We found significantly higher levels of the VAS, Boston Symptom Severity Scale and Phalen sign in patients with the Ile/Val or the Val/Val genotypes compared to those in patients with the Ile/Ile genotype (P = 0.003, 0.004 and 0.044, respectively). We proposed that genes involved in the protection from oxidative stress may influence the susceptibility, clinical and functional status of CTS. The GSTM1 null genotype may be related with the development of CTS, whereas the Val allele of GSTP1-Ile105Val polymorphism may be associated with worse functional and clinical status in CTS.

Association of GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1-ILE105VAL and ACE I/D polymorphisms with ankylosing spondylitis

“…Similarly the GSTT1 null genotype was related to development of RA while genotypes of the GSTM1 [23,24] and the GSTP1 [24] were not. Unlike, the GSTM1 null genotype was related to increased susceptibility to RA [22] and CTS [25], but GSTT1 polymorphism was not [22,25]. The GSTM1 null and T1 present combined genotype was related to increased risk of CTS [25]; however, we found higher levels of the GSTM1 present T1 null combined genotype in the patients with AS compared to those in the healthy controls.…”

“…Unlike, the GSTM1 null genotype was related to increased susceptibility to RA [22] and CTS [25], but GSTT1 polymorphism was not [22,25]. The GSTM1 null and T1 present combined genotype was related to increased risk of CTS [25]; however, we found higher levels of the GSTM1 present T1 null combined genotype in the patients with AS compared to those in the healthy controls. These discrepancies may be due to different pathogenesis of the diseases and also various genetic tendencies based on several diseases and ethnicities.…”

“…Larsen scores were higher in RA patients with GSTM1 null genotypes than other genotypes of the GSTM1 [31]. The Val/Val and Ile/Val genotypes of GSTP1-Ile105Val polymorphism were associated with worse functional and clinical status in CTS [25]. There were no significant relationships between susceptibility and severity of RA and GSTM1 [31], GSTT1 [21,32] and GSTP1 polymorphisms [21,31,32].…”

“…In the GSTP1-Ile105Val polymorphism, Ile/Val (AG) and Val/Val (GG) genotypes result in reduced enzymatic activity when compared with that of the Ile/Ile (AA) genotype [20]. On the other hand, GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1-Ile105Val polymorphisms which encode GST isoenzymes were found to be associated with susceptibility and severity of several diseases in whose pathogenesis ROS also play a role such as RA [21][22][23][24] and carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) [25]. However, the relationships between GST polymorphisms and AS were not investigated before.…”

The investigation of association between IL‐1Ra and ACE I/D polymorphisms in carpal tunnel syndrome

“…And, because the CTS considerably decreases the quality of life of the people, it is required that the underlying causes of CTS should be defined. In the analysis of the literature, it is seen that there are different ideas such as a mechanical pressure in the wrist on the median nerve, immunologic changes, and oxidative stress are involved in the development of CTS. It has certainly proven that the mechanical pressure on the median nerve in the wrist is one of the important causes for the CTS symptoms .…”