This paper describes an experiment which tests anthropomorphic user interface feedback against non-anthropomorphic user interface feedback. The experiment has considered the effectiveness and user approval of the anthropomorphic and nonanthropomorphic user interface feedback. The experiment is worthwhile, as the Computer Science community is not in agreement concerning effectiveness and user approval of anthropomorphic user interface feedback. The spec@ area or setting for the experiment has been English as a Foreign Language (EFL). The results from the experiment are very promising being statistically signiJicant. They show that the anthropomorphic user interface feedback was more effective and preferred by users.

Abstract:This paper addresses and resolves an interesting question concerning the reason for anthropomorphic user interface feedback being more effective (in two of three contexts) and preferred by users compared to an equivalent non-anthropomorphic feedback. Firstly the paper will summarise the author's three internationally published experiments and results. These will show statistically significant results indicating that in two of the three contexts anthropomorphic user interface feedback is more effective and preferred by users. Secondly some of the famous work by Reeves and Nass will be introduced. This basically shows that humans behave in a social manner towards computers through a user interface. Thirdly the reasons for the obtained results by the author are inextricably linked to the work of Reeves and Nass. It can be seen that the performance results and preferences are due to the subconscious social behaviour of humans towards computers through a user interface. The conclusions reported in this paper are of significance to user interface designers as they allow one to design interfaces which match more closely our human characteristics. These in turn would enhance the profits of a software house.

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Self-driving cars are already being tested in our roads, and several benefits to society are expected with their mainstream use. They also present an opportunity to increase independent mobility for people with disabilities and the elderly. To achieve this, however, the in-car interaction should be redesigned to be suitable for these groups of previously excluded car users. An investigation of existing literature helped us identify two main challenges that could impact the adoption of self-driving cars by such users, namely, their acceptance and multimodal in-car interaction. To mitigate such challenges, we propose in this paper a model that frames the process of universally designing the in-car interactions to increase usability for everyone, while maintaining safety. We argue that integrating universal design early in the development of in-car interaction will ensure their accessibility and usability by all people.

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This paper describes an experiment and its results concerning research that has been going on for a number of years in the area of anthropomorphic user interface feedback. The main aims of the research have been to examine the effectiveness and user satisfaction of anthropomorphic feedback. The results are of use to all user interface designers. Currently the work in the area of anthropomorphic feedback does not have any global conclusions concerning its effectiveness and user satisfaction capabilities. This research is investigating finding a way for reaching some global conclusions concerning this type of feedback. This experiment, concerned the context of downloading, installing and configuring an email client which is part of the domain of software for systems usage. Anthropomorphic feedback was compared against an equivalent non-anthropomorphic feedback. The results indicated the anthropomorphic feedback to be more effective and preferred by users. It was also the aim to examine the types of feedback in relation to Affordances. The results obtained can be explained in terms of the Theory of Affordances.

This paper follows on from a group of internationally

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