Printed portraits of cities under siege are an especially interesting type of image for an inquiry into the meaning of the term ad vivum and the related problem of lifelikeness. By definition every image of a siege has a twofold content: it combines a topographical view of a city with a visual report of a historical event.1 A depiction of a siege is, in other words, at once descriptive and narrative, and thus transcends the much criticised opposition between the art of description and the art of narration which has somewhat distorted the scholarly debate on the subject of the phrase naer het leven.2 The same duality also means that when an image of a siege is said to have been made 'from life' , the question immediately arises whether this designation concerns the city view, the portrayed events, or both.
Dünnwandige Silokonstruktionen, z. B. Wellblechsilos, haben sich in der Vergangenheit als wirtschaftlicher Lagerraum bewährt. In den nachfolgenden Ausführungen wird gezeigt, daß einzelne Berechnungsansätze oder Konstruktionsdetails gegenüber der derzeitigen Praxis verbessert werden können, und daß eine Falschbedienung eines Silos zum Totalschaden führen kann.
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