• Variations in normal left atrial appendage in vivo anatomy and function remain largely unknown. • Cardiac CT is reliable for left atrial appendage volume measurements. • Although LAA volumes increase, LAAEF decreases with age in both sexes.
The use of 2D MPR and 3D volume rendering with or without virtual endoscopy improved assessment of thyroid and hyoid bone fractures, arytenoid luxations, and laryngotracheal narrowing, providing helpful data for optimal management.
Described in 2011 as a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) finding of bone marrow edema situated around a physis at the time of fusion, focal periphyseal edema (FOPE) has been described only in the knees1and hips2of adolescents between 12 and 16 years of age. Symptoms range from 2 days to 1 year and resolve without any treatment. Some adolescents may be asymptomatic.3
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