The porous metal–organic
complexes are emerging as novel
carriers for effective and safe delivery of drugs for cancer treatment,
minimizing the side effect of drug overuse during cancer treatment.
This study fabricated the Fe–BTC–PEG metal–organic
complex from Fe ions, trimesic acid, and poly(ethylene glycol) as
precursors using an ultrasonic-assisted method. The morphology and
crystallinity of the resultant complex were observed by scanning electron
microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. FTIR spectroscopy
was employed to investigate the functional groups on the surface of
the Fe–BTC–PEG complex. The result showed that the prepared
Fe–BTC–PEG complex was in particle form with low crystallinity
and diameter ranging from 100 to 200 nm. The obtained Fe–BTC–PEG
complex exhibited a high loading capacity for the 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)
anticancer drug with a maximal capacity of 364 mg/g. The releasing
behavior of 5-fluorouracil from the 5-FU-loaded Fe–BTC–PEG
complex was studied. Notably, the acute oral toxicity of the Fe–BTC–PEG
metal–organic complex was also carried out to evaluate the
safety of the material in practical application.
Metal–organic complexes are one of the most studied
materials
in the last few decades, which are fabricated from organic ligands
and metal ions to form robust frameworks with porous structures. In
this work, iron-1,4-benzenedicarboxylic-polyethylene glycol (Fe-BDC-PEG)
with a porous structure was successfully constructed by an iron(III)
benzene dicarboxylate and polyethylene glycol diacid. The drug-delivery
properties of the resultant Fe-BDC-PEG were tested for the loading
and release of the 5-fluorouracil compound. The maximal loading capacity
of Fe-BDC-PEG for 5-fluorouracil was determined to be 348.22 mg/g.
The drug release of 5-fluorouracil-loaded Fe-BDC-PEG after 7 days
was 92.69% and reached a maximum of 97.52% after 10 days. The 7 day
and acute oral toxicity of Fe-BDC-PEG in mice were studied. The results
show that no reasonable change or mortality was observed upon administration
of Fe-BDC-PEG complex in mice at 10 g/kg body weight. When the uptake
of Fe-BDC-PEG particles in mice was continued for 7 consecutive days,
the mortality, feed consumption, body weight, and daily activity were
negligibly changed.
Metal−organic framework materials (MOFs) are materials with an ordered crystalline structure and high porosity that have been intensively investigated for many applications, such as gas adsorption, catalysis, sensors, drug delivery, and so on. Among them, the MOF-based drug delivery system has received increasing interest from scientists worldwide. This work presented the preparation of the MIL-100(Fe) metal−organic framework from the organic ligand of trimesic acid and iron ions with ultrasonic assistance. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer−Emmett−Teller surface area (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Raman spectroscopy were employed to characterize the prepared MIL-100(Fe) material. MIL-100(Fe) materials synthesized by the ultrasonic method have uniform particle morphology ranging from 100 to 300 nm with a surface area of 1033 m 2 / g. The prepared MIL-100(Fe) was employed as a carrier for delivering chloroquine drug with a maximal loading capacity of 220 mg/g. The MIL-100(Fe)@chloroquine system was also characterized in detail. The delivery system's slow drug release was studied, showing that nearly 80% of chloroquine molecules were released after 7.5 h of immersing time in PBS and simulated gastric solutions and completely detached from the MIL-100(Fe)@chloroquine system only after approximately 80 h. This result shows the ability to control chloroquine drug release of the material, reducing the possibility of drug shock.
Applied Behaviour Analysis (ABA) is demonstrated as the most efficacious intervention for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in many pieces of paper (Stahmer, 2011). However, ABA has been neither officially educated in Vietnam nor studied to examine the ability of intervention teachers. In order to enhance the quality of intervention teachers in specialized centers, a basic training program was conducted, including a two-week tutorial and a three-month supervised practicum. One hundred thirty-one intervention teachers in Vietnam participated in this training, which comprised general knowledge, fundamental skills, and on-site practicing. The finding indicated that the knowledge about ABA is limited; there are differences between staff with different specialties. The training has a positive impact on raising awareness of ABA even though it was a short-period program. These findings serve as the foundation for introducing evidence-based methods such as ABA into practice for ASD and other developmental disorders in Vietnam.
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