BACKGROUND:Oral isotretinoin is an effective therapy for acne. However, isotretinoin can induce hyperhomocysteinemia and decreased serum folic acid level, which may be a risk for cardiovascular disease and thrombosis, as well as psychoses. Besides, many recent types of research emphasise the safety and effects of the low dose isotretinoin therapy.AIM:The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of the low-dose isotretinoin on the plasma homocysteine and serum folic acid level in the Vietnamese population.METHODS:We conducted a longitudinal study to evaluate the effectiveness of the low-dose therapy on the plasma homocysteine and serum folic acid level of 52 acne patients after 6-8-week treatment at University Medical Center Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam. Patients had moderate-severe acne with the prolonged course, and most of them had a scar.RESULTS:With a low dose of oral isotretinoin (0.37 ± 0.11 mg/kg/day), after 6-8-week treatment, patients dropped the severity of disease, increased the plasma homocysteine level and decreased the serum folic acid level with significant differences in comparison to those before treatment. However, these changes do not exceed the normal range.CONCLUSION:In overall, low dose isotretinoin treatment had effectiveness in decrease the severity of disease and no increasing the plasma homocysteine level as well as the serum folic acid level.
The article analyzes the current situation of difficulties and needs for help of the families of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The study was conducted on 43 families with children with an autism spectrum disorder in 03 areas: Hanoi, Quang Ngai, and Ho Chi Minh City. Research results show that families of children with autism spectrum disorder face many difficulties in the process of caring for and raising children with ASD, focusing on the following issues: Difficulties in communicating and interacting with children; difficulties in mobilizing all resources to support children; difficulties in finding information about children with autism, interventions, and therapies for children; difficulties in choosing an intervention and learning facility for their children; financial difficulties; difficulties in daily care and nurturing; difficulty sharing information about a child with autism with others; difficulties in accepting the fact that children have autism. From the above difficulties, families of ASD need help in almost all areas, notably the need for low subsidies, access to services, and professional training,... From the above difficulties, families with children with ASD need help in almost all areas, notably the need for subsidies, access to services, professional training, v.v...
Studies in STEM Art (STEAM for short) have been applied to almost all ages, from kindergarten, elementary school, and high school, and at all levels of higher education. Currently, STEAM education has also been deployed on students with disabilities in different educational environments. This article mentioned to the issue of researching STEAM education for students with intellectual disability in inlusive elementary school under the General Education program in 2018. Issues of STEAM education for students with intellectual disability who are studying at inclusive elementary schools are discussed and some strategies for organizing STEAM educational activities for students with intellectual disability at inclusive elementary school are proposed in the article in order to improve the quality of STEAM education in general and STEAM education for students with disabilities in inclusive elementary schools in particular.
Background: The nutritional status of the elderly is important but not being considered properly. This study aimed to assess the nutritional status and understand the eating habits of the elderly from some communes in Hue city as well as to study the relationship between nutritional status and eating habits of the study subjects. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted by interviewing 408 people aged 60 and over who were living in Hue city using a pre-prepared questionnaire and MNA scale. Results: The prevalence of the elderly who were at risk of undernutrition and undernutrition were 33.8% and 2.2%, respectively. The age group with the highest risk of undernutrition was 60-74 years old (30.8%). Most of the subjects had a habit of stir-fry processing (24.5%) and boiled/steamed/water-bathed their food (24.2%). Most of the elderly used vegetable oil for processing and cooking (98.5%). The percentage of the elderly who used frying oil/fat many times accounted for 39.4%. There was 26.5% of the elderly used herbs and 25.5% of them used salty spices. 97.5% of the elderly did not use a spice measuring device when cooking. Most of them using food that was being tasted by the cook (84.9%). Only 25.7% of the elderly had the habit of reading food labels in which only 11.5% reading nutritional information. The percentage of the elderly who ate enough three primary meals/day was 94.1%; 14.5% of families have menus for the elderly; 53.9% of the elderly consumed more than 1500 ml fluids per day. The percentage of the elderly who ate fruit daily, had an average amount of vegetables > 300 g per day and used milk and dairy products every day were 7.6%, 21.6% and 41.7%, respectively. Some factors significantly related to nutritional status (p < 0.05) were eating under 3 primary meals per day, consuming ≤ 1500 ml of fluids per day, the family did not have a separated menu for the elderly. Conclusion: The prevalence of the elderly who were at risk of undernutrition and undernutrition in Hue city is quite high (36%). It is necessary to guide the elderly to have age-appropriate eating habits to ensure health. Key words: Nutritional status, the elderly, eating habits, MNA
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