Studies in STEM Art (STEAM for short) have been applied to almost all ages, from kindergarten, elementary school, and high school, and at all levels of higher education. Currently, STEAM education has also been deployed on students with disabilities in different educational environments. This article mentioned to the issue of researching STEAM education for students with intellectual disability in inlusive elementary school under the General Education program in 2018. Issues of STEAM education for students with intellectual disability who are studying at inclusive elementary schools are discussed and some strategies for organizing STEAM educational activities for students with intellectual disability at inclusive elementary school are proposed in the article in order to improve the quality of STEAM education in general and STEAM education for students with disabilities in inclusive elementary schools in particular.
STEAM is an interdisciplinary approach including Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Mathematics, which is currently interested in the world, and Vietnam. The purpose of this study is to investigate the current perception of educational practice as a special education teacher, STEAM education, and the difficulties or barriers to implementing STEAM education for students with disabilities effectively. There are 202 teachers at 23 developmental support centers of inclusive education across Viet Nam participated in answering an online survey. The results show limitations of contents and teaching methods for students with disabilities. And only 18% teachers have good knowledge of STEAM, and 73% teachers have no in-depth expertise in STEAM but 74% participants have positive thinking about students with disabilities’ abilities and applying STEAM education in inclusive settings.
The research was done to find models to support vocational education for children with disabilities that are interested in scientists in the field both domestic and international sites in order to maximize mobilization and ensure quality learning for these children in schools. Quang Ngai is a poor province in Vietnam with a relatively high number of children with disabilities and limited access to inclusive education in preschools and high schools. In order to accompany Quang Ngai province to realize the identified goals of educating children with disabilities in the National Strategy of Education 2011-2020, the CBM Organization (Federal Republic of Germany) has sponsored the Project to support inclusive education for children with disabilities with consultation from the Faculty of Special Education - Hanoi National University of Education, period 2016 to the end of 2021. The article briefly presents the results of theoretical research as a basis for the design of a theoretical model, focusing on introducing a model to support inclusive education for children with disabilities which was implemented in the practice of Quang Ngai province during and after the Project implementation from 2016 to the end of December 2021.
Hepatitis B infection remains a global health problem, with progression to acute-chronic hepatitis, severe liver failure, and death making hepatitis B one of the most serious infections worldwide. The disease is most widely transmitted from an infected mother to her baby, after exposure to infected blood or body fluids or unsafe sexual contact. Pregnant women, adolescents, and all adults at high risk for chronic infection are recommended to be screened for hepatitis B. Serological tests allow the distinction between acute and chronic hepatitis. Meanwhile, the molecular tests performed provide detection and quantification of viral DNA, genotyping, drug resistance, and pre-core/core mutation analysis to confirm infection and follow monitoring disease progression in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Because, the current treatment is only based on nucleotide analogs and pegylated interferons that save lives by decreasing liver cancer death, liver transplant, slowing or reversing the progression of liver disease as well as the virus infectivity. In this review, we clearly light the role of Hepatitis B Core Antibody, therefore clinicians understand the need to screen for hepatitis B core antigen (Anti-HBc), proper interpretation of HBV biomarkers, and that “anti-HBc only” indicates HBV exposure, lifelong persistence of cccDNA with incomplete infection control, and potential risk for reactivation.
Key words: Hepatitis B virus (HBV), Hepatitis B Core Antibody (Anti-HBc/HbcAb).
Students with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) face to various challengings of social skills. Throughout STEAM education, supportive teachers will develop verbal or non-verbal interaction and communication and improve and maintain inter-relation from their students with ASD with their peers. The paper refers to some notable issues in STEAM education to develop social skills for students with ASD in secondary schools, consiting of meanings of STEAM education, some strategies and role of teachers.
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