Shift work was associated with burnout in this sample. Increased years of work as a shift worker were associated with more frequent burnout. Adequate sleeping hours and days off were found to be possible protective factors. Policies on shift work should take into account the potential of such work for contributing towards increasing burnout.

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Abstractobjective To assess the dose response of fluoride exposure from water and chronic pain. methods Using a retrospective cohort design, the study was conducted in two sub-districts of San Kamphaeng district, Poo-kha and On-tai. Five hundred and thirty-four residents aged ‡50 years of age were interviewed about their sources of drinking water and assessed for chronic pain. Each water source was sampled for fluoride measurement, from which the average daily fluoride dose was estimated. Binary logistic regression with forward stepwise (likelihood ratio) model selection technique was used to examine the association between the average daily fluoride dose and chronic pain.results We found associations between the average daily fluoride dose and lower back pain [odds ratio (OR) = 5.12; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.59-16.98], and between the high fluoride area vs. the low fluoride area (OR = 1.58; 95% CI, 1.10-2.28; relative risk = 1.22 with 95% CI, 1.14-1.31) to lower back pain. Other risk factors, such as family history of body pain and a history of injury of the lower body, were also associated with lower back pain. However, there were no relationships between the average daily fluoride dose and leg and knee pains.

Our study assessed the influence of HIV-related stigma on treatment adherence among people living with HIV in Chiang Mai, Thailand, and whether social support had a moderating effect on this relationship. We recruited 128 patients living with HIV from Sansai Hospital, a community hospital in Chiang Mai, Thailand, and collected data through structured interviews. All forms of HIV-related stigma considered in this study (personalized experience, disclosure, negative self-image, and public attitudes) were negatively correlated with adherence to anti-retroviral regimens. Multiple linear regression indicated that total HIV-related stigma was more predictive of treatment adherence than any individual stigma type, after adjusting for socio-demographic and health characteristics. Tests of interaction showed that social support did not appear to moderate the association between HIV stigma and treatment adherence. Our findings suggest that community and government efforts to improve public perceptions about people living with HIV might promote treatment adherence behaviors among HIV-positive patients.

The causes of lung cancer in northern Thailand have not been completely understood, but it is strongly believed that they are multi-factorial. The environmental and occupational factors have played a signiˆcant role on lung cancer. They can be categorized as physical, chemical, and biological. In the northern region of Thailand, speciˆcally Chiang Mai province, it has been recognized that the incidence of lung cancer is among the highest in Thailand. For example, in the year 2007, the age-standardized incidence rate in males was 31.3 and that in female was 22.9 per 100,000 population. The district ranked the highest was Muang district, Chiang Mai. The previous studies showed that, apart from smoking, the indoor radon, air pollution and genetic factors might be the causes.